Natural Mordenite from Spain as Pozzolana

Presa, Leticia; Costafreda, Jorge L.; Martín, Domingo Alfonso; Dı́az, Isabel

doi:10.3390/molecules25051220

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The coexistence of both mineral phases seems to reinforce their syngenetic origin from the devitrification of volcanic glass, as can be seen in Figure 2c. Costafreda [34] and later Presa et al [35] have described this allochemical process on several occasions, and this fact significantly reinforces what is stated in this research.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)supporting

confidence: 90%

Improving the Performance of Mortars Made from Recycled Aggregates by the Addition of Zeolitised Cineritic Tuff

2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metropolitan construction and demolition waste (CDW) is currently an important source of recycled materials that, despite having completed their useful life cycle, can be reincorporated into the circular economy process (CEP); however, the recycling process is very selective, and waste material is not always fully satisfactory due to the intrinsic nature of the waste. This work aims to demonstrate and establish how to increase the effectiveness of the construction and demolition waste in more resistant mortars, by mixing it with zeolitised cinerite tuff (ZCT) at varying normalised proportions. To attain the objectives of this research, a series of tests were done: First, a chemical, physical and mineralogical characterisation of the CDW and the ZCT through XRF, XRD, SEM and granulometric methods. Second, a technological test was made to determine the mechanical strength at 7, 28 and 90 days of specimens made with Portland cement (PC) and mixtures of PC/CDW, PC/ZCT, and PC/CDW-ZCT. The results obtained through the characterisation methods showed that the sample of construction and demolition waste consisted of the main phase made of portlandite and tobermorite, and by a secondary phase consisting of quartz, ettringite and calcite; whereas the ZCT has a main phase of mordenite and a secondary phase of smectite (montmorillonite), amorphous materials consisting of devitrified volcanic glass, quartz and plagioclase. Mechanical strength tests established that specimens made with PC/CDW mixtures have very discreet compressive strength values up to 44 MPa at 90 days, whereas specimens made with PC/ZCT mixtures achieved a remarkably high mechanical strength consisting of 68.5 MPa. However, the most interesting conclusion in this research is the good result obtained in mechanical strength of the specimens made up of mixtures of PC/CDW-ZCT, which increased from 52.5 to 62 MPa at 90 days of curing; this fact establishes the positive influence of ZCT on waste in the mortar mixtures, which permits the authors to establish that the objective of the work has been fulfilled. Finally, it can be argued that the results obtained in this research could contribute to more effective use of construction and demolition waste in metropolitan areas.

show abstract

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)supporting

confidence: 90%

Improving the Performance of Mortars Made from Recycled Aggregates by the Addition of Zeolitised Cineritic Tuff

2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As can be seen, this figure represents the concentration of saturation in calcium ions as a function of the concentration of hydroxyl ions in a solution at 40 • C. According to this diagram, the zeolites of the study area have a marked pozzolanic behaviour. This fact could be provoked by the high crystallinity of the silica in the zeolites analysed; similar results have been presented by Machiels et al [28], Costafreda et al [29] and Presa et al [30]. The amorphous silica favours even more the pozzolanic reactivity, as has been established by Mirzahosseini and Riding [31].…”

Section: Results Of the Eight-day Pozzolanicity Analysis To Determine The Pozzolanic Reactivity Of The Samplessupporting

confidence: 77%

New Deposit of Mordenite–Clinoptilolite in the Eastern Region of Cuba: Uses as Pozzolans

Costafreda

Martín

2021

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work describes the newly discovered zeolites in the eastern region of Cuba. In the researched area, there have been no previous studies of natural zeolite exploration. Therefore, the results shown here are new. The main object of this research is to analyse five samples of zeolites and demonstrate their pozzolanic capacity and the possibility of their usage in the industrial manufacturing of pozzolanic cements. The study of the samples was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A chemical analysis (CAQ) to determine the quality of the samples as pozzolans was performed, by determining the total SiO2, reactive SiO2, total CaO, reactive CaO, Al2O3, MgO and the insoluble residue (I.R.). Lastly, an eight-day pozzolanicity analysis (PA) was carried out to determine the pozzolanic reactivity of the samples. The results obtained by XRD, XRF and SEM established that the researched zeolite samples have two main zeolitic phases: mordenite and clinoptilolite. Altered volcanic glass, quartz and smectite (montmorillonite) are the secondary phases. The results of the chemical quality analysis (CAQ) showed that the samples contain a considerable amount of reactive SiO2 and reactive CaO, as well as a low content of insoluble residue, which reinforces their properties as pozzolans. The results of the pozzolanicity analysis (PA) concluded that the analysed samples actively react with Ca(OH)2 after eight days. Based on all the results mentioned above, it is established that both mordenite and clinoptilolite behave like pozzolans and can be recommended for the manufacture of pozzolanic cements, which have more effective properties than Portland cement, in terms of physical, chemical and mechanical strength, low heat of hydration, resistance to sulphates, low CO2 emissions to the atmosphere and negligible impacts on the environment.

show abstract

“…In addition to mordenite, the smectite (montmorillonite), muscovite, plagioclase, halloysite, gypsum, quartz, and devitrified volcanic glass representing the amorphous phase was detected. According to the information offered in Figure 4b,c,g, it follows that zeolitic mineralization occurred from the hydrothermal alteration of the amorphous phase; this reasoning is also reflected in the work of Presa et al [10]. A fact worth mentioning is the abundance of mordenite even at the deepest levels of the Los Frailes Caldera.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem)mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…According to Arribas [1] Los Frailes Caldera is a circular volcanic structure which is approximately 5 km in diameter, which was formed 14.4 ± 0.8 ma ago because of eruptive processes of several pyroclastic flows of dacitic and andesitic composition. At the same time, Benito et al [6], Costafreda [7], Costafreda and Martin [8], Costafreda et al [9], Presa et al [10], and Stamatakis et al [11] have recently investigated and described minerals and industrial rocks inside Los Frailes Caldera, consisting of strongly zeolitized and bentonitized cineritic tuffs (ZBT) and glassy volcanic tuffs (GVT), to be used in the production of pozzolanic cements, mortars, concretes, and as light aggregates for concrete. Other researchers [12][13][14] have focused their research on the bentonite deposits of the Los Frailes Caldera and surrounding distal areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Study of the Lower Levels of the Los Frailes Caldera (Spain) for the Location and Characterisation of Pozzolans as Construction Materials

Martín

Costafreda

Presa

et al. 2022

Construction Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last two decades, there was been intensive study of pozzolans on the surface of the Los Frailes Caldera (Spain) for possible use as construction materials; however, research into the deepest underlying horizons has not yet been done. The main object of this paper is to present the results of the research carried out at different levels of depth, down to 30 m, to locate and demonstrate the presence of pozzolans in the depths of the Los Frailes Caldera. To achieve this, a series of analyses were carried out to classify the samples extracted from the various levels of depth, starting at the surface and continuing down to 30 m, which consisted of XRD, XRF, and SEM. Other technological tests were also performed such as chemical analysis of pozzolanic quality (CAQP) and pozzolanicity (PT) tests, at 8 and 15 days. Lastly, a geophysical study using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was developed to define the thickness and physical properties of the horizons of pozzolanic materials at depth, as well as to establish the depth of the deposit. The results obtained by XRD, XRF, and SEM confirmed the presence of pozzolans consisting of strongly zeolitized and bentonitised tuffs (ZBVT) in the lower levels of the Los Frailes Caldera, indicating that these horizons continue uninterruptedly beyond 30 m deep. The results of the CAQP and PT established that the ZBVTs that lie in the depths have pozzolanic qualities. On the other hand, the ERT study showed that ZBVT levels continue into the depths, thus proving that the lower limit of the deposit is even deeper. The results obtained in this work could have a positive impact on an increase in the reserves of pozzolanic raw materials in the researched area and could be used in the manufacture of light aggregates for mortars, concretes, and pozzolanic cements, consistent with the environment and effective in reducing CO2 emissions during the production process.

show abstract

Natural Mordenite from Spain as Pozzolana

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Improving the Performance of Mortars Made from Recycled Aggregates by the Addition of Zeolitised Cineritic Tuff

Improving the Performance of Mortars Made from Recycled Aggregates by the Addition of Zeolitised Cineritic Tuff

New Deposit of Mordenite–Clinoptilolite in the Eastern Region of Cuba: Uses as Pozzolans

A New Study of the Lower Levels of the Los Frailes Caldera (Spain) for the Location and Characterisation of Pozzolans as Construction Materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About