Natural Modes of Power Line Carrier on Horizontal Three-Phase Lines

Perz, M. C.

doi:10.1109/tpas.1964.4766059

Cited by 42 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Modal theory states that any set of phase conductor current and voltage existing at any point of a lossy and reflection-free 3-phase line can be resolved into three sets of natural mode components. The modes are independent and there is no intermodal coupling [2]. This research is sponsored by the Power Network Research Academy (PNRA) and is in collaboration with EDF Energy UK.…”

Section: Plc Wave Propagation On MV Overhead Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of narrowband power line communication using ATP-EMTP

Robson

Haddad

Griffiths

2009

41st North American Power Symposium

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The simulation of narrowband power line communication is carried out by use of the J.Marti line model in the ATP-EMTP simulation program. The modal attenuation constants for three distribution line structures are obtained and frequency domain simulations on a 'typical' rural 11 kV network are carried out. It follows that the 11 kV network studied presents a channel to narrowband power line communication frequencies characterized by strong multipath propagation effects and input impedance that is highly variable with frequency.

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Section: Plc Wave Propagation On MV Overhead Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first step is to transform the two coupled equations (1) and (2) from the phase to the modal domain. To begin, the phase quantities need to be transformed into mode quantities [3]:…”

Section: Plc Wave Propagation On MV Overhead Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of narrowband power line communication using ATP-EMTP

Robson

Haddad

Griffiths

2009

41st North American Power Symposium

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“…Similar issues have been studied for overhead lines when the shield wires are grounded at towers, and different treatments have been adopted. A typical approach involves assuming that the shield wires are continuously grounded and that the shield wires have zero potential along their entire length [25][26][27][28][29]. In previous studies [30][31][32], this assumption was proven to be unsuitable when the electrical length between towers is odd multiples of a one-half wavelength of signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic Impedance Analysis of Medium-Voltage Underground Cables with Grounded Shields and Armors for Power Line Communication

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

2019

Electronics

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The characteristic impedance of a power line is an important parameter in power line communication (PLC) technologies. This parameter is helpful for understanding power line impedance characteristics and achieving impedance matching. In this study, we focused on the characteristic impedance matrices (CIMs) of the medium-voltage (MV) cables. The calculation and characteristics of the CIMs were investigated with special consideration of the grounded shields and armors, which are often neglected in current research. The calculation results were validated through the experimental measurements. The results show that the MV underground cables with multiple grounding points have forward and backward CIMs, which are generally not equal unless the whole cable structure is longitudinally symmetrical. Then, the resonance phenomenon in the CIMs was analyzed. We found that the grounding of the shields and armors not only affected their own characteristic impedances but also those of the cores, and the resonance present in the CIMs should be of concern in the impedance matching of the PLC systems. Finally, the effects of the grounding resistances, cable lengths, grounding point numbers, and cable branch numbers on the CIMs of the MV underground cables were discussed through control experiments.

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A sub-μs accuracy GPS alternative using electrical transmission grids as precision timing networks

Robson,

Haddad

2024

Sci Rep

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It is widely recognised that over-reliance on GNSS (e.g GPS) for time synchronisation represents an acute threat to modern society, and a diversity of alternatives are required to mitigate the threat of an outage. This paper proposes a GNSS alternative using time dissemination over national scale transmission or distribution networks. The method utilises the same frequency bandwidth and coupling technology as established power line carrier technology in conjunction with modern chirp Spread Spectrum modulation. The basis of the method is the transmission of a time synchronised chirp from a central substation, coupled into the aerial modes of the transmission line. During GNSS operation, all substations can estimate the time of flight by correlating the received chirp with a time-synchronised local copy. During GNSS outage, time sychronisation to the central substation is maintained by correcting for the precalculated time of flight. It is shown that recent advances in chirp spread spectrum allow for a computationally efficient algorithm with the capacity to compute hundreds of thousand of chirp correlations every second, facilitating timing accuracy which satisfies the majority of smart grid applications. ATP-EMTP simulations of the method on large transmission networks demonstrate sub-μs timing accuracy even in the presence of low SNR and impulsive noise. An FPGA prototype demonstrates experimentally sub-μs accuracy for time dissemination over a distance of 700 m. Averaging over time is shown to facilitate satisfactory performance down to $$-20\,\hbox {dB}$$ - 20 dB , which could extend the range of the system to a national scale and a time dissemination network invulnerable to wireless spoofing and jamming attack vectors.

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Natural Modes of Power Line Carrier on Horizontal Three-Phase Lines

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Simulation of narrowband power line communication using ATP-EMTP

Simulation of narrowband power line communication using ATP-EMTP

Characteristic Impedance Analysis of Medium-Voltage Underground Cables with Grounded Shields and Armors for Power Line Communication

A sub-μs accuracy GPS alternative using electrical transmission grids as precision timing networks

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