Natural logarithmic relationship between brain oscillators

Penttonen, Markku; Buzsáki, György

doi:10.1017/s1472928803000074

Cited by 182 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The ALFF values in the slow-5 band were higher in the primary sensory and motor areas (e.g., the primary somatosensory cortex, the precentral gyrus, the superior temporal gyrus, the paracentral lobule, and the supplementary motor area), the posterior part of the default-mode regions (e.g., the precuneus), and the anterior portion of the temporal lobe (e.g., the temporal pole), compared with the ALFF for the slow-4 band. According to previous studies, higher frequency fluctuations were confined to a small neuronal space, whereas very large networks were recruited during slow oscillations (Buzsaki and Draguhn 2004;Penttonen et al 2003). The ALFF in the slow-5 band involving larger brain regions provides evidence for the above statement.…”

Section: Differences In Alff Between Frequency Bandsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Previous rs-fMRI studies examining LFF amplitude have typically focused on the frequency band below 0.08 Hz due to its physiological significance. However, several studies have suggested that specific frequency bands may contribute differentially to LFF amplitude (Buzsaki and Draguhn 2004;Penttonen et al 2003;Zuo et al 2010). For example, the slow-4 band (0.027-0.073 Hz) exhibits higher LFF amplitude mostly in the basal ganglia, whereas the slow-5 (0.01-0.027 Hz) exhibits higher LFF amplitude mainly in cortical areas, such as in the prefrontal, parietal, and occipital cortices (Zuo et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of Spontaneous BOLD Signal Differences between Moderate and Late Preterm Newborns and Term Newborns

Wei

Wang

et al. 2016

Neurotox Res

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Little is known about the frequency features of spontaneous neural activity in the brains of moderate and late preterm (MLPT) newborns. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method to investigate the frequency properties of spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in 26 MLPT and 35 term newborns. Two frequency bands, slow-4 (0.027-0.073 Hz) and slow-5 (0.01-0.027 Hz), were analyzed. Our results showed widespread differences in ALFF between the two bands; differences occurred mainly in the primary sensory and motor cortices and to a lesser extent in association cortices and subcortical areas. Compared with term newborns, MLPT newborns showed significantly altered neural activity predominantly in the primary sensory and motor cortices and in the posterior cingulate gyrus/precuneus. In addition, a significant interaction between frequency bands and groups was observed in the primary somatosensory cortex. Intriguingly, these primary sensory and motor regions have been proven to be the major cortical hubs during the neonatal period. Our results revealed the frequency of spontaneous BOLD signal differences between MLPT and term newborns, which contribute to the understanding of regional development of spontaneous brain rhythms of MLPT newborns.

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Section: Differences In Alff Between Frequency Bandsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Spontaneous BOLD Signal Differences between Moderate and Late Preterm Newborns and Term Newborns

Wei

Wang

et al. 2016

Neurotox Res

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“…As a general rule, lower frequency oscillations allows for an integration of neuronal effects of longer duration and larger areas of involvement (Penttonen and Buzsaki, 2003). In contrast, high-frequency oscillations tend to be confined to small ensembles of neurons and facilitate a temporally more precise and spatially limited representation of information.…”

Section: A Physiological Description Of Neurofeedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiencing your brain: neurofeedback as a new bridge between neuroscience and phenomenology

Bagdasaryan

Quyen

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

110

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Neurophenomenology is a scientific research program aimed to combine neuroscience with phenomenology in order to study human experience. Nevertheless, despite several explicit implementations, the integration of first-person data into the experimental protocols of cognitive neuroscience still faces a number of epistemological and methodological challenges. Notably, the difficulties to simultaneously acquire phenomenological and neuroscientific data have limited its implementation into research projects. In our paper, we propose that neurofeedback paradigms, in which subjects learn to self-regulate their own neural activity, may offer a pragmatic way to integrate first-person and third-person descriptions. Here, information from first- and third-person perspectives is braided together in the iterative causal closed loop, creating experimental situations in which they reciprocally constrain each other. In real-time, the subject is not only actively involved in the process of data acquisition, but also assisted to directly influence the neural data through conscious experience. Thus, neurofeedback may help to gain a deeper phenomenological-physiological understanding of downward causations whereby conscious activities have direct causal effects on neuronal patterns. We discuss possible mechanisms that could mediate such effects and indicate a number of directions for future research.

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“…Previously reported oscillation frequencies for these systems [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]20] are at least one order of magnitude slower than those observed here. We called such fast oscillations beta oscillations after the taxonomy adopted to classify rhythms of the brain [17]. The effect of temperature on the oscillation frequency is displayed in Table 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta Oscillations in the Electro-oxidation of Ethylene Glycol on Platinum

Sitta

Varela

2010

Electrocatal

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Oscillatory instabilities are ubiquitous in many electrocatalytic reactions. In the case of the electrocatalytic oxidation of small organic molecules, oscillating electrode potential and reaction current are very often found under different experimental conditions. Most of the experimental studies are devoted to C1 molecules such as formic acid and methanol, and very few reports concerning C2 compounds are available, in spite of their technological relevance as potential fuels. We report in this letter the observation of fast potential oscillations during the electrooxidation of ethylene glycol on platinum and in alkaline media. Oscillations were studied under galvanostatic control, and oscillation frequencies as high as 16.8 Hz were observed. To the best of our knowledge, those potential oscillations are the fastest ones ever reported for the electro-oxidation of small organic molecules, and we named them beta oscillations in reference to the taxonomy employed to classify brain rhythms. Oscillations were observed at different temperatures, and the system's dynamics was found to be rather insensitive to temperature, in contrast to that observed under non-oscillatory regime.Due to properties such its good reactivity, low toxicity, and high specific energy, ethylene glycol (EG) has been considered a promising organic molecule to be electrooxidized in low temperature fuel cells [1][2][3]. The electrooxidation of EG on platinum is a complex process that involves different adsorbed and soluble intermediates and might result in a variety of partially oxidized products. Overall, EG can be oxidized to different aldehydes and carbonyl acids, and when the C-C bond remains intact, oxalate is the most oxidized specie (eight electrons). If there is scission, the oxidation reaction can reach CO 2 (that react with OH − ions resulting in CO 3 2− ) and other partial C1 intermediates, such as formate and formaldehyde. Hauffe and Heitbaum [4] studied the electro-oxidation of EG on platinum and in aqueous KOH and observed that alcohol release, in average, eight electrons per molecule. The authors suggested that the major oxidation product was oxalate. Christensen and Hamnett used in situ FTIR [5] and showed that in acid media, the major products are glycolic acid and CO 2 , whereas in alkaline media, glycolate, oxalate, and carbonate are the major products.Besides those mechanistic complications, the electrooxidation of ethylene glycol may also render chemical instabilities in the form of oscillatory kinetics. In contrast to other small organic molecules [6], there are very few results on the oscillatory dynamics of the electro-oxidation of EG [7,8]. We report in this letter a rather peculiar aspect of the electocatalytic oxidation of EG on platinum and in alkaline media, namely the fastest oscillations ever reported for the electro-oxidation of small organic molecules.A platinum sheet with 0.26 cm 2 of electroactive area was used as working electrode. The counter electrode was a high area platinized platinum mesh. All potentials we...

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Natural logarithmic relationship between brain oscillators

Cited by 182 publications

References 59 publications

Frequency of Spontaneous BOLD Signal Differences between Moderate and Late Preterm Newborns and Term Newborns

Frequency of Spontaneous BOLD Signal Differences between Moderate and Late Preterm Newborns and Term Newborns

Experiencing your brain: neurofeedback as a new bridge between neuroscience and phenomenology

Beta Oscillations in the Electro-oxidation of Ethylene Glycol on Platinum

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