Natural hybrids of resident and introduced Phytophthora species proliferating on multiple new hosts

Veld, Willem A. Man in ‘t; Cock, A. W. A. M. de; Summerbell, Richard C.

doi:10.1007/s10658-006-9065-9

Cited by 65 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…As a consequence of episodic selection, the hybrid can become highly devastating, with host ranges different from those of the parental species (Brasier, 1995(Brasier, , 2001. We also identified P. × serendipita, a natural hybrid of P. cactorum and P. hedraiandra, that has been described on a range of horticultural hosts (Man in 't Veld et al, 2007). The dominance of this hybrid in this survey may suggest that this genotype is favoured by the specific environment monitored in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…P. × serendipita is a natural hybrid between P. cactorum and P. hedraindra (Man in 't Veld, de Cock, & Summerbell, 2007;Man in 't Veld, Rosendahl, & Hong, 2012). P. × serendipita is a natural hybrid between P. cactorum and P. hedraindra (Man in 't Veld, de Cock, & Summerbell, 2007;Man in 't Veld, Rosendahl, & Hong, 2012).…”

Section: Presence Of Hybrid Phytophthora Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multispecies Phytophthora disease patterns in declining beech stands

2019

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Decline diseases are typically caused by complex abiotic and biotic interactions and characterized by a suite of symptoms indicative of low plant vigour. Diseased trees are frequently infected by Phytophthora, but the complex interactions between pathogen, host and the heterogeneous forest environment mask a comprehensive understanding of the aetiology. In the present study, we surveyed European beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands in Swiss forests with recent increases in bleeding lesions for the presence of Phytophthora. We used a combined approach of analysing soil and bark samples from trees displaying bleeding lesions and trees free from bleeding lesions. Soil baiting revealed a higher prevalence of Phytophthora spp. around trees with bleeding lesions than around trees without bleeding lesions. For the bark samples from bleeding lesions, we used several detection methods. Phytophthora spp. were detected in 74% of the trees by an immunological on‐site diagnostic kit, in 64% by a specific PCR assay, and 38% by isolation on selective media. All samples tested were negative for P. ramorum using qPCR. Overall, nine Phytophthora species were identified by ITS sequencing, the most common of which were P. plurivora, P. gonapodyides, P. × cambivora and P. syringae. We identified distinct species in bleeding lesions and the rhizosphere of the same host tree which suggests a multispecies Phytophthora disease patterns in these declining beech. Among the recovered species, P. × cambivora and P. × serendipita were identified as hybrid genotypes with the former abundant in bleeding lesions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Presence Of Hybrid Phytophthora Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispecies Phytophthora disease patterns in declining beech stands

2019

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“…Additional examples include hybrid Phytophthora pathogens causing disease on loquat trees in Peru and Taiwan [45], [46] and in ornamental nurseries where exotic pathogens are brought together under artificial conditions [47], [48], [49]. Host range expansions by Phytophthora hybrids have been documented for both these naturally occurring hybrids and for hybrids created in the laboratory [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plant Pathogen Phytophthora andina Emerged via Hybridization of an Unknown Phytophthora Species and the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen, P. infestans

et al. 2011

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Emerging plant pathogens have largely been a consequence of the movement of pathogens to new geographic regions. Another documented mechanism for the emergence of plant pathogens is hybridization between individuals of different species or subspecies, which may allow rapid evolution and adaptation to new hosts or environments. Hybrid plant pathogens have traditionally been difficult to detect or confirm, but the increasing ease of cloning and sequencing PCR products now makes the identification of species that consistently have genes or alleles with phylogenetically divergent origins relatively straightforward. We investigated the genetic origin of Phytophthora andina, an increasingly common pathogen of Andean crops Solanum betaceum, S. muricatum, S. quitoense, and several wild Solanum spp. It has been hypothesized that P. andina is a hybrid between the potato late blight pathogen P. infestans and another Phytophthora species. We tested this hypothesis by cloning four nuclear loci to obtain haplotypes and using these loci to infer the phylogenetic relationships of P. andina to P. infestans and other related species. Sequencing of cloned PCR products in every case revealed two distinct haplotypes for each locus in P. andina, such that each isolate had one allele derived from a P. infestans parent and a second divergent allele derived from an unknown species that is closely related but distinct from P. infestans, P. mirabilis, and P. ipomoeae. To the best of our knowledge, the unknown parent has not yet been collected. We also observed sequence polymorphism among P. andina isolates at three of the four loci, many of which segregate between previously described P. andina clonal lineages. These results provide strong support that P. andina emerged via hybridization between P. infestans and another unknown Phytophthora species also belonging to Phytophthora clade 1c.

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“…alni to Bavarian rivers and infested alder nursery stock (Jung & Blashke, 2004). Two other new hybrid Phytophthoras have recently appeared in glasshouses in the Netherlands (Man in't Veld et al ., 1998, 2007). This risk issue is also nicely exemplified by Dutch elm disease (Table 2).…”

Section: Modern Plant Trade Is Enhancing the Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biosecurity threat to the UK and global environment from international trade in plants

Brasier¹

2008

Plant Pathology

569

540

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Native plant communities, woodlands and landscapes in the UK and across the world are suffering from pathogens introduced by human activities. Many of these pathogens arrive on or with living plants. The potential for damage in the future may be large, but current international regulations aimed at reducing the risks take insufficient account of scientific evidence and, in practice, are often highly inadequate. In this Letter I outline the problems and discuss some possible approaches to reducing the threats.

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Natural hybrids of resident and introduced Phytophthora species proliferating on multiple new hosts

Cited by 65 publications

References 21 publications

Multispecies Phytophthora disease patterns in declining beech stands

Multispecies Phytophthora disease patterns in declining beech stands

The Plant Pathogen Phytophthora andina Emerged via Hybridization of an Unknown Phytophthora Species and the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen, P. infestans

The biosecurity threat to the UK and global environment from international trade in plants

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