Natural History of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium Infections in a Cohort of Israeli Bedouin Infants: A Study of a Population in Transition

Fraser, Drora; Dagan, Ron; Naggan, Lechaim; Greene, V. W.; El‐On, Joseph; Abu-Rbiah, Yunis; Deckelbaum, Richard J.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1997.57.544

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…This finding does not corroborate the results reported by Quihui et al 14 and Ostan et al, 15 who found a correlation. Although no statistical significance was found, the most prevalent age range was 0-3 years, corroborating the findings of Fraser et al 21 and Newman et al 22 Giardiasis is a waterborne disease, so drinking water plays a major role in Giardia transmission. 18 The quality of water is essential in studies of risk factors, since studies conducted worldwide have found strong evidence that contaminated water is a risk factor for giardiasis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Epidemiological, parasitological and molecular aspects of Giardia duodenalis infection in children attending public daycare centers in southeastern Brazil

Santos

Grama

Limongi

et al. 2012

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Epidemiological, parasitological and molecular aspects of Giardia duodenalis infection in children attending public daycare centers in southeastern Brazil

Santos

Grama

Limongi

et al. 2012

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

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“…However, this finding is biologically plausible and supports previous studies that have shown deleterious effects on growth and development after symptomatic and asymptomatic infections 4 in children who acquired the infection at less than one year of age and with boys rather than girls affected more significantly. 4,28,32 In a longitudinal study from Brazil, C. hominis and C. parvum infections were associated with decrease in HAZ scores within three months postinfection but this decrease was found to persist at 3-6 months after C. hominis infections, but not C. parvum infections. 35 Low birth weight, malnutrition, stunting and lack of breastfeeding have been reported to predispose children to cryptosporidiosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Other studies of children in developing countries have reported multiple infections in 14-30% of cases. [27][28][29] Longitudinal studies from Brazil 30 and Israel 28 and cross-sectional studies on children with diarrhea from Uganda and Mexico 2, 31 have reported a greater prevalence of symptomatic infections than asymptomatic infections. In contrast, a longitudinal study from Peru consistently identified more asymptomatic infections than symptomatic infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Cryptosporidium Infections in Children in a Semi-Urban Slum Community in Southern India

Ajjampur¹,

Sarkar²,

Sankaran³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of childhood diarrhea in developing countries. We investigated symptomatic and asymptomatic cryptosporidiosis in 20 children less than two years of age in a semi-urban slum in southern India. All surveillance (conducted every two weeks) and diarrheal samples from 20 children (n = 1,036) with cryptosporidial diarrhea previously identified by stool microscopy were tested by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism for species and subgenotype determination. Thirty-five episodes of cryptosporidiosis were identified in 20 children, of which 25 were diarrheal. Fifteen episodes were associated with prolonged oocyst shedding. Multiple episodes of cryptosporidiosis occurred in 40% of the children. Most infections were with C. hominis, subtype Ia. Children with multiple infections had significantly lower weight-for-age and height-for-age Z scores at 24 months but had scores comparable with children with a single episode by 36 months. Multiple symptomatic Cryptosporidium infections associated with prolonged oocyst shedding occur frequently in this disease-endemic area and may contribute to the long-term effects of cryptosporidiosis on physical growth in these children.

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“…Children's stool was collected by mothers at 2-week intervals and refrigerated. In addition, mothers obtained fecal swabs that were stored in transport media at room temperature for determination of the presence of bacterial pathogens (El-On et al, 1994;Fraser et al, 1997). Most mothers had refrigerators and those who did not kept the stools in a refrigerator at a neighbor's house.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in Israeli-Bedouin toddlers

et al. 2004

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Objective: This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of and evaluate risk factors for subclinical vitamin A deficiency in Arab-Bedouin children at age 18 months, followed from birth. Design: Community-based, prospective, cohort study conducted in Rahat, a large Arab-Bedouin township, located near the city of Beer Sheva in the Negev region of southern Israel. Subjects: Healthy Bedouin infants (n¼117) from the township, born at Soroka University Medical Center (SUMC) in Beer Sheva, were randomly recruited at birth. Enrollment was restricted to well infants born weighing 42500 g at birth.Results: More than 15% of the children had serum retinol concentrations below 0.7 mmol/l. Male sex (odds ratio (OR) 4.17 [1.14-15.32], P¼0.031), stunting at age 12 months (OR 10.09 [2.00-50.97], P¼0.05) and warm season at age 18 months .28], P¼0.018) were associated with vitamin A deficiency. Maternal education decreased the risk of vitamin A deficiency (OR 0.81 [0.68-0.95], P¼0.011). Conclusions: Study results indicate a significant vitamin A deficiency problem among Bedouin children. Deficiency may be prevented by increasing dietary intake of vitamin A, especially during the warm season. Other interventions include preventing and controlling diarrheal diseases in order to avert nutritional stunting, and providing nutritional education to women of childbearing age.

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Natural History of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium Infections in a Cohort of Israeli Bedouin Infants: A Study of a Population in Transition

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiological, parasitological and molecular aspects of Giardia duodenalis infection in children attending public daycare centers in southeastern Brazil

Epidemiological, parasitological and molecular aspects of Giardia duodenalis infection in children attending public daycare centers in southeastern Brazil

Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Cryptosporidium Infections in Children in a Semi-Urban Slum Community in Southern India

Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in Israeli-Bedouin toddlers

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