Natural dynamics and thinning response of young lenga (Nothofagus pumilio) trees in secondary forests of Southern Patagonia

Peri, Pablo Luís; Pastur, Guillermo Martínez; Monelos, Lucas H.

doi:10.4067/s0717-92002013000300003

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…These two variables (light and soil moisture availability) were the most influential ones over understory biomass growth (Lencinas et al, 2008;Quinteros et al, 2010;Soler, 2012;Gönc et al, 2015). Canopy of N. antarctica quickly reacted to the cuttings by recovering the original levels in the light thinning treatment 4 years after cutting, as well as it was observed for other Nothofagus species Peri et al, 2013). Heavy thinning favoured greatest diametric growth (tree variable) with the best G-ratio (stand variable) which maximized the performance of individual trees and increased by 100% the radiation levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…in N. antarctica forests the interventions try to improve both the quality and quantity of timber, and at the same time enhance pastures biomass by increasing the radiation levels (Martínez Peri et al, 2016a,b). The proposed thinning levels for the studied secondary forests can be considered very intensive (75-87% tree removal) compared with other thinning proposals in the region (Martínez Pastur et al, 2001Peri et al, 2002Peri et al, , 2013, because the need of increase the radiation levels into the forests (50-100%). Also, at these latitudes, the thinning allows rainfall to reach the forest floor by reducing the canopy interception (Caldentey et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Martínez Pastur et al, 2001Peri et al, 2002Peri et al, , 2013. However, in forests managed for silvopastoral purposes, the pastures allowance must be also monitored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term monitoring of thinning for silvopastoral purposes in Nothofagus antarctica forests of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

et al. 2018

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Aim of the study: To analyse the effectiveness of thinning on tree growth, forest structure and microclimatic variables along seven years after cuttings in a secondary Nothofagus antarctica forest in Southern Patagonia.Area of study: Five hectares of homogeneous stand of secondary forests (54º15'46" SL, 66º59'41" WL) in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.Material and methods: One control and two thinning levels were established, and forest structure, growth, crown dynamic and microclimate variables in long-term permanent plots were evaluated. Main comparisons were made using multiple ANOVAs.Main results: Intensive thinning in secondary forests allowed to increase tree individual growth rates by doubling the radiation levels at the understory level that enhances the silvopastoral management. These forests showed a desirable resilience to the forest interventions and natural disturbances (e.g. heavy defoliator attack), with a rapid reaction in the canopy cover growth.Research highlights: Monitoring of thinning for silvopastoral management must include easy and cheap measuring variables, e.g. diameter growth as a proxy for timber production objectives and hemispherical photos (crown cover and radiation) as a proxy for pasture production. Long-term monitoring allowed to identify reliable indicators that assist new sustainable management alternatives.Additional keywords: crown cover; leaf area index; radiation; insect plague; growth; forest structure. Abbreviations used: BA (basal area); C (control); CC (crown cover); DBH (diameter at breast height); DIF (diffuse radiation); DIR (direct radiation); HT (heavy thinning); LT (light thinning); RLAI (relative leaf area index); SI 50 (site index with a base age of 50 years); TD (tree density); TOBV (total over bark volume); TR (total radiation).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term monitoring of thinning for silvopastoral purposes in Nothofagus antarctica forests of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

et al. 2018

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“…After thinning, the trees increase their growth, frequently 1-3 years after thinning [50,82] due to the availability of growing space. The growth increase derives in the increase of crown volume (width and length), crown cover [90,97] and foliar mass enhancing photosynthetic capacity, as the lower parts of the crowns receive more light than unthinned stands [98]. As trees occupy gradually the available growing space, the growth rate decreases [35,36,99] after reaching the maximum (about 3 years after thinning), attaining 7-8 years after thinning, growth levels similar to the unthinned stands [50].…”

Section: Thinning Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinning: An Overview

Gonçalves¹

2021

Silviculture

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Thinning is one of the primordial silvicultural practices. It has been analysed by its methods and intensities, associated to the tree selection criteria. Yet, while some methods are of generalised use, others were developed for specific purposes. The goal of this review is to compile the existing information regarding tree selection, thinning methods and intensity as well as their effects on trees and stands. The effects of thinning indicate a reduction of density and a trend towards an increase of growth rates at tree level for a short time after thinning. Biomass and volume show similar or smaller values when compared to unthinned stands. Mortality and growth stagnation, especially in stands with low stability or vigour, can also occur. The modifications in stand structure can enhance its role as an adaptive measure.

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“…These silvicultural methods were successfully applied in Nothofagus forests for many years, where harvested stands quickly recovered after cuts through the abundant natural regeneration (Martínez Pastur et al 2011a, b). The following interventions (thinning and pruning) increased the growth rate and timber quality of the selected trees (Peri et al 2002(Peri et al , 2013. However, the sawmill industry in Southern Patagonia was designed to process only the best quality logs, leading to high-grading cuttings, and leaving an economic degraded forests with uncompleted treatments prescriptions (e.g., first cuts of the shelterwood were implemented in 50,000 ha but final cuts were never applied) (Gea et al 2004;Martínez Pastur et al 2007a).…”

Section: Silviculture Implemented In Nothofagus Pumilio Forests: the mentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge arising from long-term research of variable retention harvesting in Tierra del Fuego: where do we go from here?

et al. 2019

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Nothofagus pumilio forests in Tierra del Fuego are the southernmost forests in the world, where extreme climate conditions represent a challenge to attain sustainable forest management. Retention forestry was proposed as an alternative to increase the species conservation in managed stands. Here, we synthetized results related to the implementation of a variable retention harvesting based on a combination of aggregate patches and dispersed retention during the last 18 years comparing with other silviculture proposals (e.g., shelterwood cuts) and control treatments (primary unmanaged forests). We summarized the results for (i) sawmill operations, (ii) timber yield, (iii) overstory stability, (iv) forest structure, (v) microclimate and natural cycles, (vi) natural regeneration dynamics (flowering, seeding, foraging, recruitment, growth, and mortality), and (vii) biodiversity (mammals, understory plants, mistletoes, birds, arthropods, mosses, lichens, and fungi). In general, aggregate patches maintained forest structure and micro-environmental variables, and slightly increased biodiversity and forest reproduction variables compared to unmanaged primary forests. On the contrary, dispersed retention decreased forest structure variables and greatly increased biodiversity (richness and abundance) when it was compared to unmanaged primary forests. Ecological conditions are influenced by variable retention harvesting, but direction and magnitude of the effect depend and differ according to retention types. Besides this, biodiversity taxa greatly differed among groups depending on retention types. In general, the species assemblages in aggregate patches were similar to those found in primary unmanaged forests, while they were significantly modified in the dispersed retention. This occurred due to (i) local extinction of some original species, (ii) the introduction of native species from the surrounding environments, or (iii) the invasion of exotic species. This silvicultural method has been a useful tool to conserve biodiversity and ecosystem functions, approaching to the balance between economy, ecology, and social requirements in the managed areas.

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Natural dynamics and thinning response of young lenga (Nothofagus pumilio) trees in secondary forests of Southern Patagonia

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Long-term monitoring of thinning for silvopastoral purposes in Nothofagus antarctica forests of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

Long-term monitoring of thinning for silvopastoral purposes in Nothofagus antarctica forests of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

Thinning: An Overview

Knowledge arising from long-term research of variable retention harvesting in Tierra del Fuego: where do we go from here?

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