Natural Compounds as an Alternative to Control Farm Diseases: Avian Coccidiosis

Abstract

Coccidiosis is one of the most aggressive and expensive parasite diseases in poultry industry worldwide. Currently, the most used control techniques are chemoprophylaxis and anticoccidial feed additives. Although there is a great variety of commercial anticoccidial drugs and vaccines in the market, there is also a significant resistance to use them in animals with human as final consumer. To date, none available product offers effective protection toward coccidiosis; however, the search for novel strategies to control this disease continues, and natural products have arisen as a potential way to cope with avian coccidiosis. In this chapter, we highlight recent advances in natural compounds, their anticoccidial properties, and mechanisms.

In vitro anti-eimeriosis and anthelmintic activities for Achillea fragrantissima

“…This will impose discovery of novel drug sources to overcome therapeutic failure. Medicinal herbs, Due to their wellknown antibacterial and antiparasitic characteristics, they can be a successful treatment for infections (Cobaxin-Cardenas, 2018). Natural herbs' therapeutic value rests on their bioactive components, which come from crude plants (Jamil et al, 2022).…”

“…Concerns have been reported about therapies due to the emergence of bacterial and coccidial resistance because of their widespread use, feed contamination, and poorly elucidated interactions with other drugs (Abu Hawsah et al, 2023). Therefore, developing new drugs from medicinal plants is a potentially sustainable alternative because they have anti-parasitic properties and anti-bacterial (Cobaxin-Cardenas, 2018), as well as a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals that have been used in traditional medicine for centuries, also, many of which have antiinflammatory and antioxidant functions (Shahat et al, 2013).…”

Evaluation of the anticoccidial effect of jataí bee (Tetragonisca angustula) propolis extract against Eimeria spp. oocysts in broiler

“…Eradication of avian coccidiosis is difficult because of increased oocyst resistance and the ability to survive in the environment [5]. The use of anticoccidial compounds is the primary strategy for preventing and controlling this disease.…”

In vitroanticoccidial activity of essential oil microencapsulated against Eimeriaspp

“…Esta provoca baja productividad en las aves, causada por reducción de ganancia de peso, alta conversión alimenticia, alta mortalidad y disminución del rendimiento del canal; ocasionando altas pérdidas económicas para los productores. La crianza de pollos tiene como factor un piso con alta humedad y ambiente cálido, favoreciendo el desarrollo y transmisión de la coccidiosis, ante ello es importante investigar compuestos naturales que controlen y erradiquen el parásito de la coccidia (Cobaxin, 2018). En total son siete las especies reconocidas de Eimeria que afectan a las aves: E. acervulina, E. brunetti, E. maxima, E. mitis, E. necatrix, E. praecox y E. tenella, cada una de estas especies tiene un conjunto de características distintas en términos de prevalencia, patogenicidad, sitio de infección en el intestino y la morfología de los ooquistes (Burrell et al, 2020;López et al, 2020).…”