Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Oral Diseases in Nephropathic Patients

Basilicata, Michele; Lauro, Manuela Di; Campolattano, Vincenzo; Marrone, Giulia; Celotto, Roberto; Mitterhofer, Anna Paola; Bollero, Patrizio; Daniele, Nicola Di; Noce, Annalisa

doi:10.3390/ijerph19031665

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…In this study, as already demonstrated in previous studies by our research group, the intake of products based on fruit, vegetables, EVOO, and natural extracts rich in antioxidant compounds belonging to the class of polyphenols, showed an improvement in the clinical status of CKD patients [20][21][22][23]25]. The obtained results confirm the positive effect of APA on body composition and on clinical status, alone or in synergy with functional bars, resulting in an adjuvant tool to counteract related-CKD comorbidities [11,82].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study

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Tranchita

Marrone

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a public health problem because it is characterized by several comorbidities, including uremic sarcopenia (US), and a poor quality of life. Currently, there are no standardized treatments available to counteract the onset of US but only some possible therapeutic approaches to slow its progression. The aim of this pilot study is to collect descriptive data in order to design a clinical trial based on the power analysis and simple size. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the possible beneficial action induced by the functional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant bars in combination with the adapted physical activity (APA), on the onset and progression of US and other related-CKD comorbidities. We enrolled 21 CKD patients under conservative therapy, divided into four groups: (A) the physical exercise program (PEP), three times a week, in combination with the daily consumption of the two functional bars group; (B) the PEP group; (C) the daily consumption of the two functional bars group; (D) the control group. The duration of the study protocol was 12 weeks. We observed an improvement trend of body composition, blood pressure levels, lipid metabolism, and functional test in A and B groups. These preliminary data would seem to confirm the effectiveness of APA and to demonstrate the additive role of the natural bioactive compound’s assumption in countering US and other CKD comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study

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Tranchita

Marrone

et al. 2022

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“…Directly applied to the oral malignant lesion, the UBA-loaded mucoadhesive oral films could exert a topical anticancer effect, reducing the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. This formulation could also help through other mechanisms [ 113 ]. Because OSCC decreases immune defense, the oral cavity becomes more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Mucoadhesive Oral Films Loaded with Usnea barbata (L.) F. H. Wigg Dry Acetone Extract, with Potential Applications in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Complementary Therapy

et al. 2022

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent oral malignancy, with a high death rate and an inadequate response to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Medical research explores plant extracts’ properties to obtain potential nanomaterial-based anticancer drugs. The present study aims to formulate, develop, and characterize mucoadhesive oral films loaded with Usnea barbata (L.) dry acetone extract (F-UBA) and to investigate their anticancer potential for possible use in oral cancer therapy. U. barbata dry acetone extract (UBA) was solubilized in ethanol: isopropanol mixture and loaded in a formulation containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K100 and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400). The UBA influence on the F-UBA pharmaceutical characteristics was evidenced compared with the references, i.e., mucoadhesive oral films containing suitable excipients but no active ingredient loaded. Both films were subjected to a complex analysis using standard methods to evaluate their suitability for topical administration on the oral mucosa. Physico-chemical and structural characterization was achieved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Pharmacotechnical evaluation (consisting of the measurement of specific parameters: weight uniformity, thickness, folding endurance, tensile strength, elongation, moisture content, pH, disintegration time, swelling rate, and ex vivo mucoadhesion time) proved that F-UBAs are suitable for oral mucosal administration. The brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay was the F-UBA cytotoxicity prescreen. Cellular oxidative stress, caspase 3/7 activity, nuclear condensation, lysosomal activity, and DNA synthesis induced by F-UBA in blood cell cultures and oral epithelial squamous cell carcinoma (CLS-354) cell line were investigated through complex flow cytometry analyses. Moreover, F-UBA influence on both cell type division and proliferation was determined. Finally, using the resazurin-based 96-well plate microdilution method, the F-UBA antimicrobial potential was explored against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27353, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019. The results revealed that each UBA-loaded film contains 175 µg dry extract with a usnic acid (UA) content of 42.32 µg. F-UBAs are very thin (0.060 ± 0.002 mm), report a neutral pH (7.01 ± 0.01), a disintegration time of 146 ± 5.09 s, and an ex vivo mucoadhesion time of 85 ± 2.33 min, and they show a swelling ratio after 6 h of 211 ± 4.31%. They are suitable for topical administration on the oral mucosa. Like UA, they act on CLS-354 tumor cells, considerably increasing cellular oxidative stress, nuclear condensation, and autophagy and inducing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. The F-UBAs inhibited the bacterial and fungal strains in a dose-dependent manner; they showed similar effects on both Candida sp. and higher inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa than S. aureus. All these properties lead to considering the UBA-loaded mucoadhesive oral films suitable for potential application as a complementary therapy in OSCC.

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“…Recent studies by Noce et al demonstrated that CKD progression is also related to oral dysbiosis [ 12 , 170 , 171 ]. In particular, three oral pathological conditions (oral infections, periodontitis and uremic stomatitis) may induce and exacerbate systemic chronic inflammation [ 172 ].…”

Section: The Possible Link Between Oral Dysbiosis and Gut Dysbiosis A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases

et al. 2023

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Saliva is a very complex fluid and it is essential to maintain several physiological processes and functions, including oral health, taste, digestion and immunological defenses. Saliva composition and the oral microbiome can be influenced by several factors, like diet and smoking habits, and their alteration can represent an important access point for pathogens and, thus, for systemic illness onset. In this review, we explore the potentiality of saliva as a new tool for the early detection of some pathological conditions, such as oral diseases, chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases, among these chronic kidney disease (CKD). We also examined the possible correlation between oral and systemic diseases and oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In particular, we deeply analyzed the relationship between oral diseases and CKD. In this context, some salivary parameters can represent a new device to detect either oral or systemic pathologies. Moreover, the positive modulation of oral and gut microbiota induced by prebiotics, postbiotics, or symbiotics could represent a new possible adjuvant therapy in the clinical management of oral diseases and CKD.

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Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Oral Diseases in Nephropathic Patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 114 publications

The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study

The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study

In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Mucoadhesive Oral Films Loaded with Usnea barbata (L.) F. H. Wigg Dry Acetone Extract, with Potential Applications in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Complementary Therapy

Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases

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