Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis

Abstract

A cataract is a condition that causes 17 million people to experience blindness and is the most significant cause of vision loss, around 47.9%. The formation of cataracts is linked to both the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the reduction of endogenous antioxidants. ROS are highly reactive molecules produced by oxygen. Examples of ROS include peroxides, super-oxides, and hydroxyl radicals. ROS are produced in cellular responses to xenobiotics and bacterial invasion and during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Excessive ROS can trigger oxidative stress that initiates the progression of eye lens opacities. ROS and other free radicals are highly reactive molecules because their outer orbitals have one or more unpaired electrons and can be neutralized by electron-donating compounds, such as antioxidants. Examples of natural antioxidant compounds are vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene. Numerous studies have demonstrated that plants contain numerous antioxidant compounds that can be used as cataract preventatives or inhibitors. Natural antioxidant extracts for cataract therapy may be investigated further in light of these findings, which show that consuming a sufficient amount of antioxidant-rich plants is an excellent approach to cataract prevention. Several other natural compounds also prevent cataracts by inhibiting aldose reductase and preventing apoptosis of the eye lens.

Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis Classification for Patchouli Oil Adulteration Detection by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Combination with Chemometrics

“…Indonesia produces 40 types of essential oils; they are among the best known ones, including patchouli oil (PO), nutmeg oil, citronellal, ginger oil, and vetiver. 1,2 PO is an essential oil isolated from various plant parts in the Lamiaceae family; Pogostemon cablin Benth is a specific plant that only grows in parts of Southeast Asia such as Indonesia and the Philippines. The traditionally produced oil has been used for hundreds of years as aromatherapy and, since the 20th century, has been used as a fixative in the fragrance industry.…”

“…The largest consumption of essential oils (35%) is in the food and beverages industry, followed by the fragrance and aromatherapy industry (29%), the household cleaning industry (17%), the pharmaceutical industry (16%), and others (3%). Indonesia produces 40 types of essential oils; they are among the best known ones, including patchouli oil (PO), nutmeg oil, citronellal, ginger oil, and vetiver. , …”

In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation of Mangifera indica L. Extract-Loaded Green Nanoparticles in Topical Emulsion against Oxidative Stress and Aging

“…Researchers have recently turned their attention to natural products as a result of the rising demand for natural green formulations and cosmetic items. With the notion of better safety and fewer adverse effects compared to their synthetic equivalents, their use is increasing constantly across the world [ 1 ]. In 2012, the global market for herbal cosmetics was $1500 billion and estimated to grow at a rate of 25% per annum in both developed and developing countries [ 2 ].…”

“…In 2012, the global market for herbal cosmetics was $1500 billion and estimated to grow at a rate of 25% per annum in both developed and developing countries [ 2 ]. The natural active ingredients used in these products have strong antioxidants, vitamins and other bioactive compounds that slow the skin aging process [ 1 , 3 ].…”

In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of Tacca Tubers (Tacca leontopetaloides) from Banyak Island, Aceh Singkil Regency, Indonesia, as Antihypercholesterolemia Agents

“…Plants produce a variety of phytochemical substances, or secondary metabolites, that are beneficial to health [ 8 ]. It was also reported that many medicinal plants have high antioxidant activity [ 9 ]. Phytochemical compounds found naturally in plants are powerful effectors of biological processes that can reduce disease risk via complimentary pathways.…”