NATOâs Transformation and Global Security

Kay, Sean; Petersson, Magnus

doi:10.1057/9781137330307.0026

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…It is worth mentioning that the same requirement appears in case of two parametric deformed algebra with minimal length [35]. We also remark that the ground state wavefunction (R 1;0 = 0,R 2;0 = 0) is compatible with the positive eigenvalue E = m whereas the negative one E = −m will not be compatible with the system (38) and (39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The same situation happens in case of deformed algebra with minimal length [35]. If we consider system of equations (38) and (39) and make substitution ω → −ω the system can be transformed to equivalent one where s is replaced by −s and E, R 1 ,R 2 are changed into −E, −R 2 , R 1 respectively. This transformation is valid in nondeformed case [5] and in the presence of deformed algebra with minimal length [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the previous section it was stated that wavefunction (R 1;0 (p; k, ξ) = 0,R 2;0 (p; k, ξ) = 0) is the physically acceptable solution of the system of equations (38) and (39) only for E 2 0 = m 2 . At the same time for excited states: n = 1, 2, .…”

Section: Zero Ground State Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lorentz-covariant deformed algebra with minimal length was proposed and 1 + 1 dimensional Dirac oscillator problem was solved [37]. Minimal uncertainty for momentum can be treated as a consequence of gravity induced decoherence [38]. Uncertainty relation that gives rise to appearance of minimal momentum is also possible in theories with position dependent effective mass [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dirac oscillator and nonrelativistic Snyder-de Sitter algebra

Stetsko¹

2015

Journal of Mathematical Physics

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Three dimensional Dirac oscillator was considered in deformed space obeyed to deformed commutation relations known as Snyder-de Sitter algebra. Snyder-de Sitter commutation relations gives rise to appearance minimal uncertainty in position as well as in momentum. To derive energy spectrum and wavefunctions of the Dirac oscillator supersymmetric quantum mechanics and shape invariance technique was applied. *

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mentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Zero Ground State Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dirac oscillator and nonrelativistic Snyder-de Sitter algebra

Stetsko¹

2015

Journal of Mathematical Physics

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“…Note that m ec is a 2 × 1 vector and C ec is a 2 × 2 symmetric positive definite matrix. Also, m ec , C ec are model parameters that can be estimated from the measurement data using standard techniques for Gaussian parameter estimation [25] (also outlined in Algorithm 2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Learning-Based Uplink Interference Management in 4G LTE Cellular Systems

Deb¹,

Monogioudis²

2015

IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking

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LTE's uplink (UL) efficiency critically depends on how the interference across different cells is controlled. The unique characteristics of LTE's modulation and UL resource assignment poses considerable challenges in achieving this goal because most LTE deployments have 1:1 frequency re-use, and the uplink interference can vary considerably across successive time slots. In this work, we propose LeAP, a measurement datadriven machine learning paradigm for power control to manage uplink interference in LTE. The data driven approach has the inherent advantage that the solution adapts based on network traffic, propagation and network topology, that is increasingly heterogeneous with multiple cell-overlays. LeAP system design consists of the following components: (i) design of user equipment (UE) measurement statistics that are succinct, yet expressive enough to capture the network dynamics, and (ii) design of two learning based algorithms that use the reported measurements to set the power control parameters and optimize the network performance. LeAP is standards compliant and can be implemented in centralized SON (self organized networking) server resource (cloud). We perform extensive evaluations using radio network plans from real LTE network operational in a major metro area in United States. Our results show that, compared to existing approaches, LeAP provides 4.9× gain in the 20 th % − tile of user data rate, 3.25× gain in median data rate.of User-U in the same frequency block as User-A, and, 1 1 1 U , U ∈ {B, C, D, E} is an 0 − 1 indicator variable denoting whether User-U also transmits over the same time-frequency block as User-A. Note that, since User-B and User-C share the same cell, only one of them can be active in a time-frequency resource and thus 1 1 1 B +1 1 1 C ≤ 1; similarly 1 1 1 D +1 1 1 E ≤ 1. Since MAC of each neighboring cell makes independent scheduling decision on who gets scheduled in a time-frequency block, the interference becomes highly unpredictable from transmission to transmission; managing this unstable interference pattern poses unique research challenges barely addressed in the literature. Indeed, this is unlike 3G systems 2 , where the neighboring cell interference for a similar topology with CDMA technology (over an appropriate CDMA channel) would simply be Int A (CDM A) = P B + P C + P D + P E thus leading to a more stable interference pattern across transmissions. In general, unlike LTE, the overall CDMA uplink interference also has an additional term for self cell interference due to uplink users in the same cell. Of course, for desirable user performance, the uplink interference still has to be managed through power control algorithms that has been the focus of much of the existing research on 3G power control and uplink interference management.Solution requirements: LTE networks are deployed with self organized networking (SON) capabilities [1], [2] to maximize network performances. Today's LTE networks are also heterogeneous (HTNs) that include high power macro cells overlay...

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization towards the war in Syria 2011-2015

Olchowski

2021

RIESW

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The conflict in Syria that started in 2011 has quickly evolved from a local uprising inspired by the events of the so-called “Arab Spring” into a multidimensional and complicated conflict of a civil war character, with many diverse participants and a very significant religious factor apart from political and socioeconomic reasons. Furthermore, the conflict has become internationalized: more and more external parties have gotten involved in it with a view to furthering or safeguarding their own interests. A vast majority of these actors were states (as far as legal entities are concerned). In the context of their activity, operations of non-state entities, such as international organizations, were rather limited and focused on social and humanitarian issues. This also pertains to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Evolving from a typical defensive alliance towards a security organization and, since the end of the Cold War, consistently operating outside the area covered by the Treaty (understood as the territories of member states), NATO as an autonomous entity has not taken any consistent, coordinated, or decisive actions during the first years of the Syrian conflict. This is due to both the specific features of this international organization and the determinants of the international environment with their dynamics.

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NATOâs Transformation and Global Security

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Dirac oscillator and nonrelativistic Snyder-de Sitter algebra

Dirac oscillator and nonrelativistic Snyder-de Sitter algebra

Learning-Based Uplink Interference Management in 4G LTE Cellular Systems

North Atlantic Treaty Organization towards the war in Syria 2011-2015

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NATOâs Transformation and Global Security

Cited by 3 publications

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Dirac oscillator and nonrelativistic Snyder-de Sitter algebra

Dirac oscillator and nonrelativistic Snyder-de Sitter algebra

Learning-Based Uplink Interference Management in 4G LTE Cellular Systems

North Atlantic Treaty Organization towards the war in Syria 2011-2015

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NATOâs Transformation and Global Security