“…The selection of appropriate surgical technique is also a matter of controversy, with the laparoscopic and handassisted approach gradually gaining more ground. Although technically challenging, a great number of studies, including a recent meta-analysis, indicated that laparoscopic nephrectomy, especially hand-assisted bilateral nephrectomy, is both safe and efficacious even for massively enlarged kidneys (19,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”