Native Fixed Ammonium and Fixation of Added Ammonium in Relation to Clay Mineralogy in Some Ontario Soils

Abstract

Haldimand series were sampled in southern Ontario. Illite contents of the clay fractions ranged from 25 to 56Vo and vermiculite contents ranged from 13

Evaluation of soil nitrogen status in japanese agricultural lands with reference to land use and soil types

“…The wide range of the values found for the lfix-N content (6 to 497 mg kg-I) was comparable to that recorded in many regions of the world (Young and Aldag 1982), presumably because this fraction was affected by the parent materials (Mikami and Kanehiro 1968), weathering degree (Egashira et al 1998), clay content (Aggarwal et al 1987;Kowalenko and Yu 1996) and clay minerals (Mikami and Kanehiro 1968;Doram and Evans 1983). This result indicated that Japanese agricultural soils displayed large variations.…”

Fixation and defixation of ammonium in soils: a review

“…Zhang et al 2007) may be mainly due to different clay mineralogy (note that the clay contents given by Zhang et al (2007) only represent the fraction <1 μm). In summary, the NH 4 non-exchangeable NH 4 -N (Doram and Evans 1983). The content in soils in Kentucky (USA) was as high as 365 mg kg −1 (Sparks et al 1979).…”

“…The percentage of total N present as NH 4 + f -N in main soil groups of Israel ranged between 1.8% and 78.6%, with most of the values falling between 2% and 25%. Highest values were obtained for the deepest horizons (Feigin and Yaalon 1974), where it ranged from 14% to 78% in British Caribbean soils (Rodrigues 1954), 3% to 44% in southern Ontario soils (Doram and Evans 1983), 16% to 59% in Vertisols and 13% to 31% in Cambisols in India (Sahrawat 1995), 21% in Italian Fluvisols (Benedetti et al 1996), and up to 85% in subsoils in the USA (Smith et al 1994).…”

“…In a soil profile, the NH 4 + f -N content as percent of the total N (inorganic plus organic) generally increases with soil depth (Black and Waring 1972;Doram and Evans 1983;Smith et al 1994;Sahrawat 1995;Zhang et al 2003) due to decreasing soil organic matter content. Fixation of NH 4 + in soil organic matter is negligible (Kowalenko and Cameron 1976).…”

“…Yaalon and Feigin (1970) found that illite contains approximately 600 mg N kg −1 illite, whereas montmorillonite contains small and kaolinite clays only negligible amounts. In mixed soil clays, the NH 4 + f -N level is determined by the quantity of illite (Feigin and Yaalon 1974) and illite plus vermiculite (Sparks et al 1979;Doram and Evans 1983), respectively. In contrast to the above results, Bajwa (1985) in a comparative study on fixation of NH 4 + and K + in wetland rice soils found that in five soil clays, montmorillonitic clay fixed the maximum of the added NH 4 + (98%) followed by vermiculite (88%) and least (34%) in clay containing hydrous mica, chlorite, and halloysite.…”