Nationwide survey of mother-to-child infections in Japan

Toxoplasma gondii—A Gastrointestinal Pathogen Associated with Human Brain Diseases

“…While the effects of fetal infection can be devastating, active fetal infection is a relatively rare event (Yamada et al, 2015 and Evangård et al, 2001. This fact, in addition to the fact that Toxoplasma prevalence increased with age (Wilking et al, 2016) suggests that most cases of Toxoplasma in humans are acquired after birth.…”

Outcome of fetuses with congenital parvovirus B19 infection: systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Of the 896 articles identified through the search, 87 were assessed for their eligibility (Table S2) and 35 studies were eventually included in the systematic review (Figure and Table ). These 35 studies included 611 fetuses affected by PB19 infection based on serological or virological confirmation or presence of signs of fetal anemia, such as hydrops, on ultrasound in fetuses with infected mothers. The definition of fetal hydrops in each included study is reported in Table S3.…”

The IgG avidity value for the prediction of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the amniotic fluid

“…It is reported that seroprevalence of T. gondii IgG in women at child-bearing age and the incidence of congenital T. gondii infection in Japan are lower than those in certain Western countries [21]. A nationwide survey on 2714 obstetric facilities in Japan revealed that the incidence of congenital T. gondii infection was found to be only 1 in 2011 [12]. Thus, the incidence of congenital T. gondii infection is extremely rare.…”

“…To determine a cut-off value of T. gondii IgG avidity index for the prediction of congenital toxoplasmosis is difficult, because the congenital toxoplasmosis is extremely rare in Japan [12]. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine a cut-off value of T. gondii IgG avidity index for the prediction of the presence of T. gondii DNA in the amniotic fluid among women with positive or equivocal tests for T. gondii IgM.…”