National Burden and Trend of Cancer in Ethiopia, 2010–2019: a systemic analysis for Global burden of disease study

Awedew, Atalel Fentahun; Asefa, Zelalem; Belay, Woldemariam Beka

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-17128-9

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…5 In the last decade the incidence, death and DALY from cancer increased by 32%, 29% and 19% respectively. 6 The common types of cancer in females are breast, cervical and ovarian. Whereas, bone and soft tissue, colorectal and esophageal malignancies are common in males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Price, Availability and Affordability of Anti-Cancer Medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Alemu

Hailemariam

2022

RMHP

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Cytotoxic drugs are essential treatments available for patients with cancer. There are concerns that unavailability and high prices of cancer medicines may limit patient access. Since information on availability, prices and affordability for cancer medicine is lacking for several countries, particularly for lower income countries like Ethiopia, it will be difficult to know the real situation of those medications' access. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess availability, affordability and price of anti-cancer medications, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods:The study was cross-sectional using a modified form of the WHO/HAI methodology of measuring medicine price, availability and affordability in public, private, Kenema municipal and Red Cross Pharmacies found in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data on the availability and price of 47 cytotoxic medications for both lowest priced generics and originator brands were collected in 3 public, 6 private and 2 NGO pharmacies which are expected to dispense cytotoxic medications in Addis Ababa. The data were entered and analyzed using WHO/HAI data entry and analysis form. Results were presented in tables and figures. Results: The majority of the anti-cancer medications assessed were not available and the few available medicines were unaffordable. The lowest priced generic were relatively more available (34.8%) than the originator brand medications (2.8%) in the public sector. Generally, the availability of anti-cancer medicine differs when comparing the public, private and other sectors. The availability of cytotoxic medications was 18.8%, 5.3% and 8.8% in the public, private and other sectors. The prices of cytotoxic medications available in the private sector were higher than the public and other sectors. All of the medications except for anastrazole were unaffordable. Conclusion: Medicines for cancer treatment are unavailable and the few available medicines are unaffordable in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Different interventions should be done to improve access to cytotoxic medications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Price, Availability and Affordability of Anti-Cancer Medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Alemu

Hailemariam

2022

RMHP

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“…Mucinous cancer has a bad prognosis and is common in younger patients . Reports from 54 African countries on the death count from CRC show that age specific death counts peaks at 60 -69 years for males and 65 -79 years for females (Figure 2) (Awedew AF. Et al., 2022).…”

Section: Aetiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…et al, 2021 . The incidence of colorectal cases in Africa rose significantly by 48% from 40,000 in 2010 to 58,000 in 2019 ( Awedew AF, Asefa Z, Belay WB, 2022). The burden in Africa is quite high and Nigeria has the highest incidence and JCBR Vol 2 Is 6 Nov-Dec 2022 mortality (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of them are adenocarcinoma , Naaeder S. et al, 1994, American Cancer Society, 2020. * Awedew AF, Asefa Z, Belay WB (2022) Although the incidence and mortality rate of cancer of the colorectum has continued to decrease because of effective cancer screening measures, there has been an increase in the number of young patients diagnosed with this condition because of unclear reasons (Thanikachalam K, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colorectal cancer: A narrative review

Oriakhi¹,

Akpo²,

Odion-Obomhense³

et al. 2022

jcbr

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Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in women and a third in men globally. Its mortality is rising with a major contribution from a low- and middle-income countries. We highlight the current trends in the demographics, histopathological patterns and management of colorectal cancer to improve care and prognosis of the disease. A search of PubMed, Hinari, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals and African Journal Online was made. Only full articles were reviewed. Most colorectal tumours develop via a multistep process involving a series of histological, morphological and genetic changes that accumulate over time. Clinical features are varied, non-specific and dependent on the site of the tumour and the extent of luminal narrowing caused by the tumour. Colonoscopy is vital in establishing the diagnosis of colorectal cancer as it allows visualization of the colon and permits tumour biopsy. Treatment is both multimodal and multidisciplinary involving surgery, radiation therapy and cytotoxic therapy. The incidence and mortality may be significantly reduced by screening which can either be invasive or non-invasive. The non-invasive uses tumour markers such as guaiac faecal occult blood test or immunohistochemical faecal occult blood test while the invasive tests include the flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. The burden of colorectal cancer may likely increase due to its current trend and ageing population; deficiency in cancer prevention efforts as a result of lack of government policies, low level of awareness and inadequacy of cancer registries. We advocate collaborative efforts to combat the scourge of the disease.

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“…2 Although Ethiopia is making progress in cancer treatment provision through expanding oncology centers and radiotherapy under the National Cancer Control Plan (2016-2020), 3 hematologic malignancies particularly leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma account for the third and fourth leading causes of new cancer incidence and mortality in the country according to Globocan 2020. 4 In recent studies, leukemia is one of the top five reasons why people die from cancer, 5 and an increased burden of hematologic malignancy predominantly affecting the productive age group has been reported in the northwest part of Ethiopia. 6 This data highlights the demand for the HSCT center to improve cancer mortality and the patient's quality of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why and How Should Ethiopia Establish a Stem Cell Transplant Service? A Review Article

Mekonnen¹,

Farris²

2023

BTT

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Ethiopia is attempting to reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality through a strategic national cancer control plan but according to Globocan 2020, hematologic malignancies particularly leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma rank among the top five leading causes of new cancer incidence and cause of death among all age groups in both sexes. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is an advanced treatment modality that makes the only effective treatment for cancer and non-cancer-related hematologic diseases unresponsive to conventional therapy. Patients who need stem cell transplants must travel to abroad countries to get the treatment. Meanwhile, the Ethiopian National Specialty and Subspecialty Roadmap sets the goal of establishing HSCT centers in 2020-2029 GC, yet leaders and planners must start taking steps to put the setup in place. Setting up an HSCT facility is challenging for developing countries due to the high costs, limited infrastructure, and need for intensive medical staff training; however, several nations have been able to start successful stem cell transplant programs. This review summarizes the basic steps and requirements of the program in light of guidelines recommendations and lessons learned from other developing countries. It also highlights possible cost-effective opportunities, bottlenecks, and areas that will require work and investment to make the objective reality in Ethiopia.Provides key information to assist administrators and policymakers to set priorities in planning and making informed decisions to establish and maintain the service.

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National Burden and Trend of Cancer in Ethiopia, 2010–2019: a systemic analysis for Global burden of disease study

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Price, Availability and Affordability of Anti-Cancer Medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Price, Availability and Affordability of Anti-Cancer Medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Colorectal cancer: A narrative review

Why and How Should Ethiopia Establish a Stem Cell Transplant Service? A Review Article

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