National and international interlocking directorates within Europe: corporate networks within and among fifteen European countries

Veen, van Kees; Kratzer, Jan

doi:10.1080/03085147.2011.529376

Cited by 82 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies (for example, van Veen and Kratzer, 2011) show that the Franco-German business communities consist of densely connected network cores, as confirmed by Figure 1. Their central position might permit these executives to better comprehend the perceptions of several sectors of the economy and to develop a better understanding of the broader perceived interests of large corporations.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Sources of Franco-German corporate support for the euro: The effects of business network centrality and political connections

Jäger

2012

European Union Politics

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During the euro crisis of June 2011, 51 representatives of major French and German corporations launched a political campaign in support of the euro. This study shows that firm size facilitated high-quality business contacts but that variables of economic interest were not associated with a higher probability of campaign participation when controlling for relational variables. Instead, the empirical analysis suggests that Franco-German business leaders joined the campaign because (1) their central network position provided them with informational resources to transcend the interest of their firm, and (2) their social and political embeddedness either led to an internalization of proeuro values or gave them an incentive to improve their long-term reputation with political decision makers who strongly support the euro as part of the European integration project. Thus, the directors' corporate and political ties facilitated and motivated corporate political action in support of the euro.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Sources of Franco-German corporate support for the euro: The effects of business network centrality and political connections

Jäger

2012

European Union Politics

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“…There are numerous sociological studies on the emergence of the transnational elite in general (Carroll 2010;Carroll andFennema 2002, Heemskerk 2011;Kentor and Jang 2004;Staples 2007;van Veen and Kratzer 2011). Many of these focus on boards and analyse the nature of international networks, mostly in the form of cross-border movements of executives and non-executives, as an indicator of the nature of elites.…”

Section: Theoretical Reflectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a national level, network densities differ markedly between countries, which creates a need for more detailed explanatory frameworks (Bühlmann et al 2012;Cárdenas 2015;van Veen and Kratzer 2011). we argue that it is necessary to analyse the changes in more detail and to pay special attention to the causes of the changing nature of business elites.…”

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confidence: 98%

How did the financial crisis affect the transnationality of the global financial elite? One step forward and one step back

Veen

2017

Global Networks

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Over the last few decades, transnational elite formation progressed hand in hand with a deterioration in national business elites. Most studies regard this process as progressive and linear. However, we argue that transnational elite formation is subject to a variety of opposing forces, and the assumed progression is not a given fact. As an intriguing case, we analyse the financial business elite with a focus on the financial crisis of 2008. This international event had substantial ramifications, including a possible external shock to transnational elite formation. To study the consequences of the crisis, we collected the board composition data of the 48 largest transnational financial companies for the period 2006–11. Changes in board composition show opposing effects. For example, transnationality increased during the crisis, but reversals appeared when national governments intervened.

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“…As in most studies of this type, Heemskerk. 2011 andKeen andKratzer (2011) analyzed a sample of listed companies. In both cases, there are few observations relating to the main national capitalisms in Europe.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Freedom in Networked Capitalism: An Empirical Analysis

Carbonai

Drago

2015

SSRN Journal

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The article proposes a social network analysis of the main European capitalisms and its correspondence with an index of economic freedom. The analysis relates to two kinds of economic liberties taken from the concept of freedom formulated by Isaiah Berlin. While the first kind of freedom (negative freedom) depends on the external system (e.g. the constraints on the firm defined by the regulations), the second refers to the internal obligations within the business system itself that prevent the free exercise of business (positive freedom): specifically, the social network, in which the company is embedded. After an operationalization of the two concepts of freedom, the analysis of a comprehensive database allows us to explore the relationship between the two kinds of freedom.

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National and international interlocking directorates within Europe: corporate networks within and among fifteen European countries

Cited by 82 publications

References 28 publications

Sources of Franco-German corporate support for the euro: The effects of business network centrality and political connections

Sources of Franco-German corporate support for the euro: The effects of business network centrality and political connections

How did the financial crisis affect the transnationality of the global financial elite? One step forward and one step back

Positive Freedom in Networked Capitalism: An Empirical Analysis

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