Nasal peak inspiratory flow at altitude

Barry, Peter; Mason, Nicholas; Richalet, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1183/09031936.02.00096902

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Clinical aspects and high altitude pathophysiology (Schneider et al, 1998;Mason et al, 1999;Richalet et al, 1999;Bouquet et al, 2000;Barry et al, 2002;Cauchy et al, 2002;Molenat and Boussuges, 2002) 2. Body composition, metabolism, nutrition, and energy balance (Westerterp et al, 2000;de Glisezinski et al, 1999;Westerterp-Plantenga et al, 1999;Joanny et al, 2001) 3.…”

Section: Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Operation Everest III: COMEX '97

Richalet

2010

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Eight male volunteers, aged 23 to 37, were selected to participate in a simulated ascent to 8848 m in a hypobaric chamber. They were first preacclimatized in the Observatoire Vallot (4350 m) before entering the chamber. The chamber was progressively decompressed down to 253 mmHg barometric pressure, with a recovery period of 3 days at 5000 m from days 20 to 22. They spent a total of 31 days in the chamber. Seventeen protocols were organized by 14 European teams to explore the limiting factors of physical and psychological performance and the physiological and pathological changes in various systems (cardiac function, control of ventilation, autoregulation of cerebral blood flow, energy balance and body composition, muscle performance, erythropoiesis, and cognitive functions). All subjects reached 8000 m, and 7 of them reached the simulated altitude of 8848 m. Three subjects complained of transient neurological symptoms, which resolved rapidly with reoxygenation. At 8848 m (n = 5), Pa(O(2)) was 30.6 +/- 1.4 mmHg, Pc(O(2)) was 11.9 +/- 1.4 mmHg, and pH was 7.58 +/- 0.02 (arterialized capillary blood). V(O(2))max decreased by 59% at 7000 m and increased by 9% at 6000 m after plasma expansion, suggesting a role of altitude-induced plasma contraction in the reduction in V(O(2))max. Cardiac contractility was normal, but relaxation was slightly impaired. Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow was impaired at 8000 m. Negative energy balance was essentially caused by a decrease in appetite. Increased membrane lipid peroxidation could explain alterations in muscle or cognitive function. The subjects reached the "summit" in better physiological conditions than would have been possible in the mountains, probably because acclimatization and other environmental factors such as cold and nutrition were controlled.

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Section: Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Operation Everest III: COMEX '97

Richalet

2010

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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“…Also, respiration can change because of chronic hypoxia rather than inhalation of cold and dry air at high altitude. Similarly, Barry et al [2] by controlling the environmental conditions during their experiments, also refuted the hypothesis that nasal blockage at HA is due to the inhalation of cold and dry air. Those authors reported an increase in (subjectively assessed) nasal blockage and a decrease in nasal mucociliary transport rate in a group of individuals ascending to HA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Other symptomatic responses involving the upper and lower airways include epistaxis, sleep apnea, cough, and respiratory tract infections [3,8]. These changes in airway function have been ascribed primarily to the decrease in partial oxygen pressure at HA [2,4,6,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, these adaptations to HA may be insufficient, giving rise to changes in the mechanical function of the airways, including an increase in nasal airflow resistance and a decrease in mucus flow rate [2]. Nasal obstruction, epistaxis, sleep apnea, cough, and respiratory tract infections are the main upper and lower airway complaints of individuals traveling to HA locations [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The physiological impact of high altitude on nasal and lower airway parameters

Cingi

Selçuk

Oğhan

et al. 2010

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of high altitude on nasal and lower airway parameters in a healthy population. This was a prospective study of 61 individuals who climbed to the summit of Mount Kackar, at 3,937 m. Peak nasal inspiratory flow rates were recorded in all participants at sea level and at the summit. In 32 participants who ascended to the summit, sea-level and summit peak expiratory flow rates and olfactory function were evaluated. A rise in altitude significantly decreased peak nasal inspiratory flow by a mean of 27.43%. Mean peak expiratory flow values measured at the summit were 8.94% lower than basal values. Between-value differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). At high altitude, there was a significant decrease in olfactory function, as determined by a significant reduction in smell detection (p < 0.05) and smell identification (p < 0.05). The effect of high altitude on nasal function was found to parallel that of the effect on lower airway function, together accounting for an adverse effect on airway flow rates. The nasal mucosa responded to high altitude with an increase in airway resistance and a consequent impaired sense of smell.

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“…This issue includes an important paper by BARRY et al [1] in which the changes in nasal peak inspiratory flow (NPIF), and oral peak inspiratory flow (OPIF), during acclimatized exposure to low barometric pressure (equivalent to a simulated altitude of 8000 m, about the height of Mount Everest) of subjects in a hypobaric chamber were analysed. The changes were presumably due to hypoxia and its chemical sequelae, and influenced by the processes of acclimatization.…”

Section: Jg Widdicombementioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal airflow resistance at simulated altitude

Widdicombe¹

2001

Eur Respir J

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Nasal peak inspiratory flow at altitude

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Operation Everest III: COMEX '97

Operation Everest III: COMEX '97

The physiological impact of high altitude on nasal and lower airway parameters

Nasal airflow resistance at simulated altitude

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