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Effective nebuliser therapy requires a device distinguished from a simple atomiser by the incorporation of baffles which selectively rethat repeatedly and quickly delivers sufficient drug to the site of action, with minimal wastage, move large droplets from the outgoing spray.

In March 2008, the European Registry of Quality Outcomes for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (EUREQUO) commenced. This 3-year project was cofunded by the European Union (EU) and the European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS). The ESCRS became the lead partner in the project with 11 national societies as associated partners. The aims of the project were to improve treatment and standards of care for cataract and refractive surgery and to develop evidence-based guidelines for cataract and refractive surgery across Europe. Surgeons from all participating societies contributed to the database, which contained data on 820,000 cataract surgeries in November 2011. The present guidelines are based on data entered from January 1, 2009, to August 28, 2011 (523,921 cataract extractions). The guidelines include only those steps in the cataract surgery process that can be analyzed by the database.

Intracameral cefuroxime administered at the time of surgery significantly reduced the risk for developing endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

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Altitude illness is common in people ascending to more than 2500 metres, especially if the ascent is rapid. In most cases it will manifest as a mild, self limiting illness but in a few cases it will progress to more severe, life threatening forms. This article explains the symptoms and available treatments

The visual outcomes of cataract surgery were excellent, with 61.3% of patients achieving a corrected distance visual acuity of 1.0 (20/20) or better. Age and sex influenced the visual outcomes, but the greatest influences were short-term postoperative complications, ocular comorbidity, surgical complications, and complex surgery. A weakness of the study could be that some of the data is self-reported to the registry.