Nasal nitric oxide is dependent on sinus obstruction in allergic rhinitis

Abstract

3b.

Nasal ventilation is an important factor in evaluating the diagnostic value of nasal nitric oxide in allergic rhinitis

“…It is possible that the complex nasal anatomy and ventilation status may help to explain these contradictory results. Indeed, a study by Suojalehto et al showed that nasal NO level in allergic rhinitis was elevated compared with the control group, and there was an inverse correlation between NO level in the nasal cavity and obstruction of the sinus, indicating a likely role of the anatomic structure of the upper airway.…”

Influence of Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists on Thioredoxin Production In vitro and In vivo

“…eosinophils, macrophages and T cells) within nasal mucosa, resulting in increased symptoms usually associated with nasal congestion, tissue damages and remodeling through the secretion of major basic protein and eosinophilc cationic protein, among others [1,2,17]. In addition to these mediators, inflammatory cells, including mast cells, eosinophils and macrophages produce ROS, especially NO [4][5][6]. In low/moderate concentration of ROS are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions, but excess productions and/or decreased levels in antioxidant(s) lead to oxidative stresses [7,18,19].…”

“…Activation of eosinophils causes the release of granule contents such as major basic protein, eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil peroxidase that are responsible for tissue damages and remodeling after mucosal injury, leading to persistence of inflammatory responses in nasal mucosa [1][2][3]. In addition to granule contents, mast cells and eosinophils also secret free radicals, especially nitric oxide (NO) [4][5][6], which causes oxidative stress responses in inflammatory tissues through lipid peroxidation on the outer cell membrane, nuclear membrane and DNA damage [7,8]. Under normal physiological conditions, there is a wide variety of antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, and prevent the oxidative stress responses [7].…”

Nasal nitric oxide and its metabolites as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow-up of allergic rhinitis

“…They also revealed that a high nNO level might be a useful marker of eosinophilic inflammation in the nasal cavity and indicate the absence of marked sinus ostial obstruction. [21] In the study by Gupta et al, both nNO in nasal aspiration fluid and FeNO levels were assessed by a chemiluminescence analyzer. The nNO levels of patients with asthma were not higher than the control group's levels, whereas nNO levels of the patients with AR were higher when compared with the patients with asthma and the control group.…”