Nasal floor variation among eastern Eurasian Pleistocene &lt;i&gt;Homo&lt;/i&gt;

Wu, Xiujie; Maddux, Scott D.; Pan, Lei; Trinkaus, Erik

doi:10.1537/ase.120709

Cited by 25 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The level nasal floor is the pattern more frequently present among early and recent modern humans (45). A recent study of eastern Eurasian Pleistocene Homo reinforces this pattern, with available early modern human remains having level nasal floors and preserved archaic human fossils demonstrating bilevel or sloping nasal floors (46). These results indicate that it is not only Neandertals but archaic humans across the Old World that have the distinctive bilevel nasal floor, and both European and Asian early modern humans are characterized by the level floor seen in TPL 1.…”

Section: Tpl 1 Human Remainsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Anatomically modern human in Southeast Asia (Laos) by 46 ka

Demeter

Shackelford

Bacon

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

164

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Uncertainties surround the timing of modern human emergence and occupation in East and Southeast Asia. Although genetic and archeological data indicate a rapid migration out of Africa and into Southeast Asia by at least 60 ka, mainland Southeast Asia is notable for its absence of fossil evidence for early modern human occupation. Here we report on a modern human cranium from Tam Pa Ling, Laos, which was recovered from a secure stratigraphic context. Radiocarbon and luminescence dating of the surrounding sediments provide a minimum age of 51–46 ka, and direct U-dating of the bone indicates a maximum age of ∼63 ka. The cranium has a derived modern human morphology in features of the frontal, occipital, maxillae, and dentition. It is also differentiated from western Eurasian archaic humans in aspects of its temporal, occipital, and dental morphology. In the context of an increasingly documented archaic–modern morphological mosaic among the earliest modern humans in western Eurasia, Tam Pa Ling establishes a definitively modern population in Southeast Asia at ∼50 ka cal BP. As such, it provides the earliest skeletal evidence for fully modern humans in mainland Southeast Asia.

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Section: Tpl 1 Human Remainsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Anatomically modern human in Southeast Asia (Laos) by 46 ka

Demeter

Shackelford

Bacon

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

164

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“…The Aroeira 3 cranium resembles the Gran Dolina and Sima de los Huesos hominins in showing a level or sloped configuration (the ancestral condition for Homo) but differs from the bilevel form present in most Late Pleistocene Neandertals and in the Steinheim, Petralona, east Asian archaic Homo, and some African Middle Pleistocene crania (21,22).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 93%

New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal)

Daura

Sanz

Arsuaga

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The Middle Pleistocene is a crucial time period for studying human evolution in Europe, because it marks the appearance of both fossil hominins ancestral to the later Neandertals and the Acheulean technology. Nevertheless, European sites containing well-dated human remains associated with an Acheulean toolkit remain scarce. The earliest European hominin crania associated with Acheulean handaxes are at the sites of Arago, Atapuerca Sima de los Huesos (SH), and Swanscombe, dating to 400–500 ka (Marine Isotope Stage 11–12). The Atapuerca (SH) fossils and the Swanscombe cranium belong to the Neandertal clade, whereas the Arago hominins have been attributed to an incipient stage of Neandertal evolution, to Homo heidelbergensis, or to a subspecies of Homo erectus. A recently discovered cranium (Aroeira 3) from the Gruta da Aroeira (Almonda karst system, Portugal) dating to 390–436 ka provides important evidence on the earliest European Acheulean-bearing hominins. This cranium is represented by most of the right half of a calvarium (with the exception of the missing occipital bone) and a fragmentary right maxilla preserving part of the nasal floor and two fragmentary molars. The combination of traits in the Aroeira 3 cranium augments the previously documented diversity in the European Middle Pleistocene fossil record

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“…The reliability of the dating at this site is especially important compared to the absence of stratigraphic backgrounds and/or reliable dating results for the majority of East Asian fossil H. sapiens (Wu and Poirier, 1995). The LYC1 permanent M 3 includes morphological characteristics that are common in other East Asian Late Pleistocene hominins, but its distinctive suite of traits expands the known morphological diversity among the East Asian Late Pleistocene hominins (Liu et al, 2010a(Liu et al, , 2010bCurnoe et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2012. However, we should be cautious not to overstate LYC1's exceptionality because it is not unusual for a particular combination of traits to only appear in one individual (SI Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%