Narrow Line Photoassociation in an Optical Lattice

Zelevinsky, Tanya; Boyd, Martin M.; Ludlow, Andrew D.; Ido, T.; Ye, Jun; Ciuryło, R.; Naidon, Pascal; Julienne, Paul S.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.203201

Cited by 126 publications

(227 citation statements)

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“…Nuclear spins can have an exceedingly long relaxation time, making them a valuable alternative for quantum information processing and storage (15). Two ground state nuclear spins can, for example, be entangled through dipolar interactions when photoassociation channels to high-lying electronic states (such as 3 P 1 ) are excited (16). Combined with a quantum degenerate gas, the enhanced measurement precision will further strengthen the prospects of using optical lattices to engineer condensed matter systems, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The spin-forbidden 1 S 0 -3 P 1 transition has been extensively studied as a potential optical frequency standard in Mg (20), Ca (21), and Sr (22), and has recently been explored as a tool for high resolution molecular spectroscopy via photoassociation in ultracold Sr (16). The doubly forbidden 1 S 0 -3 P 0 transition is weakly allowed due to hyperfine-induced state mixing, yielding a linewidth of ~1 mHz for 87 Sr with a nuclear spin of 9/2.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Optical Atomic Coherence at the 1-Second Time Scale

Boyd

Zelevinsky

Ludlow

et al. 2006

Science

157

147

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Highest resolution laser spectroscopy has generally been limited to single trapped ion systems due to rapid decoherence which plagues neutral atom ensembles. Here, precision spectroscopy of ultracold neutral atoms confined in a trapping potential shows superior optical coherence without any deleterious effects from motional degrees of freedom, revealing optical resonance linewidths at the hertz level with an excellent signal to noise ratio. The resonance quality factor of 2.4 x 10 14 is the highest ever recovered in any form of coherent spectroscopy. The spectral resolution permits direct observation of the breaking of nuclear spin degeneracy for the 1 S 0 and 3 P 0 optical clock states of 87 Sr under a small magnetic bias field. This optical NMR-like approach allows an accurate measurement of the differential Landé g-factor between the two states. The optical atomic coherence demonstrated for collective excitation of a large number of atoms will have a strong impact on quantum measurement and precision frequency metrology.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Optical Atomic Coherence at the 1-Second Time Scale

Boyd

Zelevinsky

Ludlow

et al. 2006

Science

157

147

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“…In free space, the optical length is usually determined by measuring the rate (32) which is proportional to it. However the rate can typically have a factor of 2 uncertainty as its determination relies on the knowledge of the density of atoms [8,13]. Here we propose a determination of l opt which does not require the knowledge of the density and is is simply based on a spectroscopic measurement: by measuring the position of the line for different intensities, one should observe a shift linear with the intensity I, and deduce the strength of the resonance l opt /I.…”

Section: G Position Of the Resonancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effects can be eliminated by strongly confining the atoms in the direction of propagation of the photoassociation light. This has been demonstrated by trapping the atoms in tight optical lattices [3,11,12,13]. The wave length of the lattice can be adjusted to its "magic" value [11], so that atoms in the ground state and the excited state feel the same trapping potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Feshbach resonances of alkaline-earth-metal atoms in a one- or two-dimensional optical lattice

Naidon

Julienne

2006

Phys. Rev. A

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Motivated by a recent experiment by Zelevinsky et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 203201], we present the theory for photoassociation and optical Feshbach resonances of atoms confined in a tight one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) optical lattice. In the case of an alkaline-earth intercombination resonance, the narrow natural width of the line makes it possible to observe clear manifestations of the dimensionality, as well as some sensitivity to the scattering length of the atoms. Among possible applications, a 2D lattice may be used to increase the spectroscopic resolution by about one order of magnitude. Furthermore, a 1D lattice induces a shift which provides a new way of determining the strength of a resonance by spectroscopic measurements.

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“…Efforts toward achieving OFR in quantum gases have made significant progress [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] but have encountered two major obstacles. First, in previous experiments OFR has limited the quantum gas lifetime to the millisecond time scale [24,26,27] due to optical excitation to molecular states.…”

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Casting New Light on Atomic Interactions

Vale

2015

Physics

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Optical control of atomic interactions in quantum gases is a long-sought goal of cold atom research. Previous experiments have been hindered by rapid decay of the quantum gas and parasitic deformation of the trap potential. We develop and implement a generic scheme for optical control of Feshbach resonances which yields long quantum gas lifetimes and a negligible parasitic dipole force. We show that fast and local control of interactions leads to intriguing quantum dynamics in new regimes, highlighted by the formation of van der Waals molecules and localized collapse of a Bose condensate. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.155301 PACS numbers: 67.85.-d, 03.75.Kk, 34.50.-s Spatiotemporal control of interactions should bring a plethora of new quantum-mechanical phenomena into the realm of ultracold atom research. Temporal modulation of interactions is theoretically proposed as a route for creating anyonic statistics in optical lattices [1,2] as well as new types of quantum liquids [3,4] and excitations [5][6][7]. Spatial modulation should grant access to unusual soliton behavior [8,9], controlled interfaces between quantum phases [10], stable nonlinear Bloch oscillations [11], and even the dynamics of acoustic black holes [12]. The conventional technique for controlling interactions in cold atoms, magnetic Feshbach resonance [13,14], is typically insufficient for these applications because magnetic coils are generally too large for very fast or local modulation.A promising alternative is optical control of Feshbach resonances (OFR), with which high speed, spatially resolved control of interactions can be realized. Efforts toward achieving OFR in quantum gases have made significant progress [15-28] but have encountered two major obstacles. First, in previous experiments OFR has limited the quantum gas lifetime to the millisecond time scale [24,26,27] due to optical excitation to molecular states. Short lifetimes forbid studies of quantum gases in equilibrium or after typical dynamical time scales. Second, the change of interaction strength from OFR is often accompanied by an optical potential. This potential can result in a parasitic dipole force which dominates the dynamics when the interactions are spatially modulated [21].In this Letter we propose and implement a scheme for optically controlling interactions while maintaining a long quantum gas lifetime and negligible parasitic dipole force. With a far-detuned laser, a change of the scattering length a, which determines the interaction strength, by 180 Bohr radii (a 0 ) is only coupled with a slow radiative loss of 1.6 s −1 . This loss rate is sufficiently low to allow the BEC to remain in equilibrium. Furthermore, the laser operates at a magic wavelength to eliminate the atomic dipole potential. We apply OFR to test the response of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) to rapid oscillation of interactions down to the time scale of 10 ns, reaching beyond the van der Waals energy scale. Moreover, by spatially modulating the interaction strength we observe the intriguing...

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Narrow Line Photoassociation in an Optical Lattice

Cited by 126 publications

References 23 publications

Optical Atomic Coherence at the 1-Second Time Scale

Optical Atomic Coherence at the 1-Second Time Scale

Optical Feshbach resonances of alkaline-earth-metal atoms in a one- or two-dimensional optical lattice

Casting New Light on Atomic Interactions

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