Narrative Review for Exploring Barriers to Readiness of Electronic Health Record Implementation in Primary Health Care

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study is to explore the enabling factors associated with readiness in Electronic Health Record (EHR) implementation and to identify the barriers related to readiness regarding the situation of primary health cares in developed and developing countries. Methods A narrative review of open-source literature was conducted using the ProQuest, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and PMC databases to identify the enabling factors and barriers to EHR readiness. The keywords applied were ‘electronic health record’, ‘readiness’, ‘primary health care’, and ‘primary care’. Results Some barriers were found that may affect readiness, specifically individual barriers and organizational barriers. In developing countries, organizational barriers such as a lack of skilled manpower, insufficient senior management, and a lack of interaction among team members were the common barriers, while in developed countries individual barriers such as unfamiliarity with new systems and a lack of time to use computers were frequently found as barriers to readiness. Conclusions This study summarized the enabling factors and barriers with regard to EHR readiness in developed and developing countries.

Assessment of organizational readiness to implement an electronic health record system in a low-resource settings cancer hospital: A cross-sectional survey

“…Organizational readiness for change is a well-known factor that influences success of organizational changes in general, and in EHR implementation in particular [3,7,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. It is a multifaceted and multilevel construct, and therefore can be difficult to measure.…”

“…Examples include core (need/motivational) readiness, technological (infrastructural) readiness, societal readiness, engagement readiness and learning (IT skills) readiness [16][17][18]26].The relative importance of each of these forms of readiness varies between organizational contexts. For example, poor IT infrastructure and lack of IT skills are often a barrier for EHR implementation in LMICs making technological readiness relatively more important for LMICs [18,19,[26][27][28][29].…”

Mental-physical multimorbidity treatment adherence challenges in Brazilian primary care: A qualitative study with patients and their healthcare providers

“…Including, insufficient consultation time [ 58 , 59 ]; issues with depersonalised care and form or level of information provided by HCP [ 59 ]; poorly coordinated or fragmented care [ 58 ]; and limited information exchange between HCP [ 58 , 59 ]. Issues with deployment of integrated EHR–a key component to improved care coordination and information exchange–has been reported worldwide [ 60 , 61 ]. Our findings support the recognised importance of medication burden, specifically dose frequency and regimen complexity for treatment adherence [ 62 ] and efforts to minimize that burden by reducing dosage frequency [ 63 ].…”

User Acceptance of Electronic Medical Record System: Implementation at Marie Stopes International, Myanmar

“…The majority of the respondents have had some computer-related training, but very few people had an IT background. Because a lack of skilled manpower was identified as a common barrier in implementation of EMR systems in developing countries [20,21], more computer training will help improve ICT knowledge and facilitate the future implementation of an EMR system.…”