Narcotics and Narcotic Antagonists

Foldes, Francis F.; Swerdlow, Mark; Siker, Ephraim S.

doi:10.1097/00000542-196505000-00027

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Whilst guinea-pigs survived the exchange from 500 mg/kg morphine to 200 mg/kg heroin, when this latter dose was doubled, convulsions occurred. Since little tolerance develops to the stimulant effects of morphine (Foldes, Swerdlow & Siker, 1964) further increases of the dose might not have been possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of morphine pretreatment on the sensitivity of mouse and guinea-pig ileum to acetylcholine and to morphine

Haycock

Rees

1972

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Guinea‐pigs and mice were subjected to morphine pretreatment for at least 14 days culminating in subcutaneous injections of 1 g/kg daily in 2 divided doses. In mice, tolerance to the effects of morphine on gastrointestinal propulsion had developed by the end of the pretreatment course. The sensitivity to acetylcholine of the ilia from pretreated animals and the effects of morphine on transmural stimulation were compared with the ilia from normal animals. Ilia from pretreated guinea‐pigs were marginally more sensitive to frequency of stimulation but significantly less sensitive to the depressant effect of morphine than ilia from normal animals. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity to acetylcholine. There was a highly significant decrease in sensitivity to morphine of ilia from pretreated mice, but this also was not associated with any alteration in sensitivity to acetylcholine. It is concluded that on the isolated ileum preparation the development of tolerance to morphine is not associated with an increased sensitivity to the transmitter whose release morphine inhibits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of morphine pretreatment on the sensitivity of mouse and guinea-pig ileum to acetylcholine and to morphine

Haycock

Rees

1972

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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“…Comparison of the results indicates that the values in the two tests are highly correlated (rho=0.94). The rank-order potency for antagonists in counteracting the effects of opiates in man appears to be as follows: naloxone, levallorphan, and nalorphine (Foldes, Swerdlow & Siker, 1964). Similarly, the rank-order potency for antagonists in precipitating Sub-headings under the species refer to the Straub tail reaction in mice, abdominal constrictions produced by phenylquinone in mice, ability of the mice to stay on a rotating rod, reactions of mice on a hot plate, reactions of rats to radiant heat focused on their tails, and the relief of pain in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of opiates and opiate antagonists on the Straub tail reaction in mice

Aceto

McKean

Pearl

1969

British J Pharmacology

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. Subcutaneous injections of opiates produced the Straub tail reaction in mice. The potencies of the opiates in mice were consistent with previous estimates of the analgesic potencies in animals and in man. . The potencies of sixteen antagonists in counteracting the reaction were consistent with those previously obtained with the rat tail‐flick test. . The (–) isomers of four benzomorphan derivatives were much more potent in counteracting the reaction than their (+) isomers and about twice as potent as their racemates. The activity of the isomers seemed to follow Pfeiffer's rule: the lower the effective dose of a drug, the greater the difference in the pharmacological effects of the optical isomers. One of the trans isomers acted like an opiate, while its cis isomer acted like an antagonist. . Naloxone and nalorphine fulfilled conventional criteria for competitive antagonism, whereas atropine and the (–) and the (+) isomers of pentazocine and of cyclazocine did not do so. . The Straub tail test seems to be useful for studying structure‐activity relations among opiates and opiate antagonists.

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“…Factors contributing to pain after surgery, such as the site and extent of the surgical wound and the degree of manipulation of organs rich in sensory fibres, are Time after administration (h) Figure 1 Mean relief scores for total population: 0, dipyrone; 0, pethidine. additional problems (Foldes, Swerdlow & Sikes, 1976). These were controlled, as the same surgeon performed all the surgical operations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of pain after abdominal surgery: dipyrone compared with pethidine.

Patel¹,

Koppikar²,

Patel³

et al. 1980

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 Dipyrone 2.5 g was compared with pethidine 100 mg in a double‐blind parallel group study. 2 Patients with moderate or severe postoperative pain following abdominal surgery received one of the two drugs intramuscularly. 3 The two treatment groups were homogeneous when analyzed by age, weight, height, sex, and initial severity of pain. 4 The onset degree and duration of pain relief afforded by both drugs was similar when the groups were compared as a whole or according to initial pain level. 5 No side‐effects were attributed to either drug in this study.

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Narcotics and Narcotic Antagonists

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of morphine pretreatment on the sensitivity of mouse and guinea-pig ileum to acetylcholine and to morphine

The effect of morphine pretreatment on the sensitivity of mouse and guinea-pig ileum to acetylcholine and to morphine

Effects of opiates and opiate antagonists on the Straub tail reaction in mice

Management of pain after abdominal surgery: dipyrone compared with pethidine.

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