Nanozyme as Artificial Receptor with Multiple Readouts for Pattern Recognition

Abstract

Nanozymes have been widely used for the construction of colorimetric sensors. However, the simultaneous discrimination of multiple targets using nanozymes is still a challenge. In this work, we construct a multiple-readout system for pattern recognition of proteins using nanozyme. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets, which possess peroxidase-like activity, are chosen as the single sensing receptor. The catalytic activity of g-C3N4 can be changed to different degrees owing to the different interactions between g-C3N4 and proteins. By choosing different combinations of absorbance intensities at various time points, multichannel information can be extracted from a single material for pattern recognition. The platform avoids the synthesis of multiplex sensing receptors and the requirement of sophisticated instruments, leading to lower cost and time consumption. The study provides a new method for the construction of feasible, convenient, and flexibly nanozyme-based sensing arrays.

Single‐Atom Nanozyme Based on Nanoengineered Fe–N–C Catalyst with Superior Peroxidase‐Like Activity for Ultrasensitive Bioassays

“…Nanomaterial-based artificial enzymes, referred as nanozymes, have appeared as promising alternatives to natural enzymes and caused widespread attention. [1,2] Based on their properties of higher stability and lower cost, a series of nanozymes with inherent peroxidase-, [3][4][5][6] oxidase-, [7][8][9][10] superoxide dismutase-, [11] and catalase-like [12,13] activities were synthesized and applied in biosensing, [14,15] bacteria killing, [16,17] cancer therapy, [18,19] and environmental treatment. [20] Among them, the iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanozyme, possessing intrinsic peroxidase-like activity in acidic condition, is a classical research model.…”

Recent advances in the construction of nanozyme-based logic gates

“…When they are in a uniform reaction system, they may show low catalytic efficiency and unsatisfactory stability, thus limiting the realization of logic functions. (3) Nanozymes could interact with a series of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, peptides, and even cells (Qiu et al 2018;Wang et al 2018c). The nonspecific binding of these biomolecules could interfere with the catalytic activity of nanozymes.…”

Progress and Trend on the Regulation Methods for Nanozyme Activity and Its Application

“…Nevertheless, the simultaneous analysis of multiple targets by using one single nanozyme is still a challenge. To solve this problem, the Qu group established a multiplex readout method for the pattern recognition of different proteins by using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanosheets as a single sensing receptor with peroxidase-like activity (Figure 7) [95]. It is surprising that the catalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets can be regulated into different degrees because of the different interactions between g-C 3 N 4 and proteins.…”

“…Schematic representation of one kind of multiple readout system based on g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets for the recognition of different proteins. Reproduced from Reference[95] with permission from The American Chemical Society.…”