Nanotechnology Involved in Treating Urinary Tract Infections: An Overview

Crintea, Andreea; Carpa, Rahela; Mitre, Andrei-Otto; Petho, Robert Istvan; Chelaru, Vlad-Florin; Nădășan, Sebastian-Mihail; Neamti, Lidia; Duţu, A

doi:10.3390/nano13030555

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…Nanoparticles, which are less than 100 nm in size, exhibit unique biological activities and have been reported to be effective in treating biofilm-resistant UTIs [109]. Due to their small size, nanoparticles can penetrate cells and deposit ultra-thin coatings on various materials.…”

Section: Biofilm Inhibition By Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Antimicrobial Approaches to Combat Bacterial Biofilms Associated with Urinary Tract Infections

Mancuso,

Trinchera,

Midiri

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent bacterial infections in both community and healthcare settings. They account for approximately 40% of all bacterial infections and require around 15% of all antibiotic prescriptions. Although antibiotics have traditionally been used to treat UTIs for several decades, the significant increase in antibiotic resistance in recent years has made many previously effective treatments ineffective. Biofilm on medical equipment in healthcare settings creates a reservoir of pathogens that can easily be transmitted to patients. Urinary catheter infections are frequently observed in hospitals and are caused by microbes that form a biofilm after a catheter is inserted into the bladder. Managing infections caused by biofilms is challenging due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Biofilms enable pathogens to evade the host’s innate immune defences, resulting in long-term persistence. The incidence of sepsis caused by UTIs that have spread to the bloodstream is increasing, and drug-resistant infections may be even more prevalent. While the availability of upcoming tests to identify the bacterial cause of infection and its resistance spectrum is critical, it alone will not solve the problem; innovative treatment approaches are also needed. This review analyses the main characteristics of biofilm formation and drug resistance in recurrent uropathogen-induced UTIs. The importance of innovative and alternative therapies for combatting biofilm-caused UTI is emphasised.

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Section: Biofilm Inhibition By Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Antimicrobial Approaches to Combat Bacterial Biofilms Associated with Urinary Tract Infections

Mancuso,

Trinchera,

Midiri

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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“…In recent years, nanotechnology has impacted drug research and the creation of more robust and efficient medications for urinary tract infections [7][8][9]. With a diameter of up to 1000 nm, nanoparticles (NPs) are intricate, three-dimensional structures intended to produce various outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt Iron Oxide-Conjugated Tin Oxide Nanocomposite for Antibacterial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant E. coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections

Sazib,

Basher,

Islam

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by pathogens, particularly E. coli, have spontaneously become resistant to antimicrobial drugs in recent years. Therefore, regular monitoring and alternative strategies for the antimicrobial agent are crucial for combating antimicrobial resistance and bacterial biofilms. Here, we report a new cobalt iron oxide-conjugated tin oxide nanocomposite that can kill bacteria and treat multidrug-resistant E. coli posing UTIs. Following the isolation and identification of E. coli, we tested 57/134 samples against sixteen commonly used antibiotics phenotypically using the disk diffusion method to determine their sensitivity pattern. Of the 57 E. coli isolates, 66% (38/57) were multidrug-resistant. The E. coli isolates were resistant to cephradine (70.17%), ceftriaxone (59.64%), and azithromycin (59.64%), followed by cefixime (54.38%), cefuroxime sodium (52.63%), and co-trimoxazole (50.87%). X-ray diffraction results showed the crystallite sizes were about 5.68 and 8.84 nm in pure SnO2 nanoparticles and 95% SnO2-5% CoFe2O4 nanocomposite, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared determined the fundamental structure of the nanocomposite, encompassing Co, Fe, Sn, and O. Moreover, FTIR measurements implied that the distinct functional groups in both SnO2 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles existed in a 95% SnO2-5% CoFe2O4 nanocomposite. Field emission scanning electron microscope analysis uncovered that the SnO2-CoFe2O4 nanocomposite had a size of roughly 24 nm and was spherical. In addition, the biosynthesized SnO2 nanoparticles and SnO2-CoFe2O4 nanocomposite were evaluated for their antibacterial activity. At a minimum 100 µg/mL concentration, SnO2 nanoparticles and SnO2-CoFe2O4 nanocomposite showed high antibacterial activity. The SnO2 nanoparticles and SnO2-CoFe2O4 nanocomposite demonstrated antibacterial activity on multidrug-resistant E. coli at 10 ± 0.7 and 16 ± 0.8 mm zone of inhibition, respectively. In conclusion, the new SnO2-CoFe2O4 nanocomposite might be a potential candidate for treating UTIs caused by drug-resistant E. coli in the foreseeable future.

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“…In their review, Morris et al also highlight the fact that while an intravesical approach to drug delivery is promising and has attracted the interest of clinicians, a better delivery system needs to be developed, as drug delivery through standard drainage catheters carries a high risk of infection [4]. While several groups have investigated the use of functionalized antimicrobial particles suitable for intravesical treatment of UTI, and some have attempted to improve antibiotic instillation using nano-sized delivery platforms, none of these approaches have been approved for this use [5][6][7]. However, in light of the evidence supporting the use of the intravesical route of antibiotic administration, as outlined by authors in this review, there is a significant need for investment in novel technologies to enable controlled and targeted delivery of antibiotics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%