Nanotechnology: an effective tool for enhancing bioavailability and bioactivity of phytomedicine

Abstract

To achieve the desired therapeutic objective, the drug product must deliver the active drug at an optimal rate and amount. By proper biopharmaceutic design, the rate and extent of drug absorption (also called as bioavailability) or the systemic delivery of drugs to the body can be varied from rapid and complete absorption to slow and sustained absorption depending upon the desired therapeutic objective. Phytomedicine have served as the foundation for a larger fraction of the current pharmacopeia. But the delivery of phytomedicine is always problematic due to poor aqueous solubility, poor permeation, low systemic availability, instability and extensive first pass metabolism. Current review will discuss in detail about how nanotechnology can enhance the bioavilability and bioactivity of the phytomedicine.

Improving on Nature: The Role of Nanomedicine in the Development of Clinical Natural Drugs

“…Some recent reviews have focused on the nanotechnology approach of extracts using different drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology, principally polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, liquid crystal systems, vesicles, nanoemulsions, and microemulsions, in order to impart a formulationʼs most desirable properties. The most investigated are the extracts of ginseng, green tea, ginkgo, and milk thistle [66][67][68].…”

Phytobioactive compound-based nanodelivery systems for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus – current status

“…[72][73][74][75][76] The delivery of phytobioactive compounds with antidiabetic properties was greatly enhanced through the nanoliposome systems. 72,[75][76][77] Recently, Orthosiphon stamineus, an antidiabetic medicinal herbal extract, was studied with a nanoliposome system in terms of its efficacy. The study showed that this extract can be effectively loaded into nanoliposome systems with a particle size of 152 nm to improve the antioxidant properties.…”

Current application of phytocompound-based nanocosmeceuticals for beauty and skin therapy

“…181 Further, nanosizing of those phytosomes increases the bioavailability of those compounds for beauty and health care applications. 182,183 Gold nanoparticle-bound phytosomes containing phytoextracts rich in quercetin were constructed and had enhanced quercetin efficiency at a particle size of 100 nm. 184 Similarly, rutinbased phytosomes were developed with enhanced compound bioavailability and antioxidant activity.…”