Nanostructured metal chalcogenides confined in hollow structures for promoting energy storage

Abstract

This review summarizes diverse confined hollow metal chalcogenides, revealing some insights into their formation mechanism and microstructure-related energy storage performances.

Synthesis and Applications of Nanostructured Hollow Transition Metal Chalcogenides

“…Due to its especial structural characteristics, the existence of a hollow structure can cushion the expansion or contraction caused by volume changes, while the rich active sites can also make its performance more excellent. [ 128 ] HTMC have shown good performance as a LIBs, SIBs batteries energy storage system and PCO 2 R, ECO 2 R system, etc.…”

“…It mainly includes selective etching, ion exchange, Kirkendall effect to construct a new secondary 3D structure. [ 128 ] In addition, hydrothermal and solvothermal methods mentioned in the second part of the synthesis method are also effective methods to synthesize HTMC without template nanostructures.…”

“…Composite Hollow Structures can usually be combined with 1D, 2D, 3D nano framework materials. [ 128 ] However, in order to meet some special needs of catalytic or electrochemical systems, it is extremely challenging to construct a hollow structure with multi‐component activity reasonably. In addition, the incompatibility between different components is also a factor that needs to be resolved for researchers.…”

“…Therefore, the search for electrode negative materials with high energy density and good cycle stability has attracted great interest. [ 128 ] LIBs usually use transition metal oxides to enable reversible lithium insertion/de‐insertion processes. Compared with corresponding metal oxides, many metal sulfides have higher specific capacity, electrical conductivity, and redox reversibility, making them attractive electrode materials.…”

Graphitic Nanocup Architectures for Advanced Nanotechnology Applications

“…While significant progress has been made on both developing large-scale synthesis and unveiling their exceptional properties, there remain challenges in controlling morphology and proportion of individual nanoscale units, which limits their use in down-to-earth applications [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Particularly one-dimensional (1-D) graphitic structures (e.g., carbon nanotubes) are attractive in that other nanomaterials or functional molecules can be trapped or embedded inside them for advanced multicomponent systems [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. However, it is difficult to effectively intercalate abundant nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, drugs, or polymers within the hollow tubular structure where length/diameter (L/D) aspect ratios often range between 10 3 and 10 5 [ 25 , 26 ].…”