Nanostructured Gas Sensors for Medical and Health Applications: Low to High Dimensional Materials

Abstract

Human breath has long been known as a system that can be used to diagnose diseases. With advancements in modern nanotechnology, gas sensors can now diagnose, predict, and monitor a wide range of diseases from human breath. From cancer to diabetes, the need to treat at the earliest stages of a disease to both increase patient outcomes and decrease treatment costs is vital. Therefore, it is the promising candidate of rapid and non-invasive human breath gas sensors over traditional methods that will fulfill this need. In this review, we focus on the nano-dimensional design of current state-of-the-art gas sensors, which have achieved records in selectivity, specificity, and sensitivity. We highlight the methods of fabrication for these devices and relate their nano-dimensional materials to their record performance to provide a pathway for the gas sensors that will supersede.

Ammonia Gas Sensors: Comparison of Solid-State and Optical Methods

“…The selectivity can be further improved by noble metals doping [9,10] or selecting appropriate operating We would like to underline that we preselected the considered ammonia gas sensors and there are other promising technologies which can be effectively used for ammonia sensing because of low production costs or measurement methods. Good examples are biosensors utilizing bacteria cultures or nanotechnology [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Three-Dimensional Structure Generation of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomedicine for Biomedical Applications

“…Zinc oxide NPs have been used as biomedical diagnostic/analytical sensors for detecting gases and biochemicals [57,185,186]. In gas sensors, the pore properties are important factors because they allow adsorbates into internal surfaces to ensure adequate adsorption performance.…”

Current Trends in Nanomaterials for Metal Oxide-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors: Advantages and Limitations. Part 1: 1D and 2D Nanostructures

“…In the literature, one can find a large number of works aimed at promoting the advantages of nanomaterials for various applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. As a rule, these articles promote the idea that the use of nanomaterials such as 1D and 2D nanomaterials, as well as hierarchical structures will solve the main problems of devices made on the basis of conventional materials.…”