Nanostructured Co‐Free Layered Oxide Cathode that Affords Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

Park, Geon‐Tae; Sun, Ho-Hyun; Noh, Tae-Chong; Maglia, Filippo; Kim, Sungjin; Lamp, Peter; Sun, Yang Kook

doi:10.1002/aenm.202202719

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As detailed earlier, the 75%MO had the greatest hardness among the 3 AAM electrode compositions. It was speculated that the greater hardness may have mitigated particle cracking or detachment processes, which would result in formation of new interphase (and consequently additional SEI) 64 relative to the 0%MO and 100%MO.…”

Section: Cycle Stability Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Multicomponent Multiphase All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Cai

Gao

Sun

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Due to their high energy density, lithium-ion batteries have been the state-of-the-art energy storage technology for many applications. Energy density can be further improved by engineering of the electrode architecture and microstructure, in addition to more common improvements via materials chemistry. All active material (AAM) electrodes consist of only the electroactive material that stores energy, and such electrodes have advantages to conventional composite processing with regards to improved mechanical stability at increased thicknesses and ion transport properties. However, the absence of binders and composite processing makes the electrode more vulnerable to electroactive materials with volume change upon cycling. Also, the electroactive material must have sufficient electronic conductivity to avoid large matrix electronic overpotentials during electrochemical cycling. TiNb 2 O 7 (TNO) and MoO 2 (MO) are electroactive materials with potential advantages as AAM electrodes due to relatively high volumetric energy density. TNO has higher energy density, and MO has much higher electronic conductivity, and thus a multicomponent blend of these materials was evaluated as an AAM anode. Herein, blends of TNO and MO as AAM anodes were investigated, where this is the first use of a multicomponent AAM anode. Electrodes that had both TNO and MO had the highest volumetric energy density, rate capability, and cycle life relative to single component TNO and MO anodes. Thus, using multicomponent materials provides a route to improve AAM electrochemical systems.

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Section: Cycle Stability Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Multicomponent Multiphase All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Cai

Gao

Sun

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The positive correlation of Ni and Zr will endow particles with structural stability, by decreasing the probability of intergranular cracks. 50 Besides, the stable structure avoids the exposure of the internal surface and the aggravation of side reactions. Besides, the XPS results (Figure S16 ), 51 O 1s (M−O, ROLi, C�O, C−O, Li x PF y O 2 ), 52 F 1s (LiF, Li x PF y O 2 / Li x PF y ), 53 and P 2p (Li x PF y O 2 , Li x PF y ).…”

Section: Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oriented Gradient Doping of Zirconium in Ni-Rich Cathode to Achieve Ultrahigh Stability and Rate Capability

Mu,

Chen,

Ming

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Ni-rich layered oxide materials exhibit great prospects for practical applications in lithium-ion batteries due to their high specific capacity. However, the poor cycling performance and suboptimal rate performance have caused obstacles for their widespread application. Herein, we developed a gradient Zr element doping method based on the bulk gradient concentration of Ni-rich layered oxide material to reinforce the cycle stability and rate performance of the cathode. In particular, the orientations of the gradient Zr doping were achieved via coprecipitation in a positive or negative correlation between the concentrations of Zr and Ni, and it was revealed that the material behaves better when the Zr content is abundant in the core. The gradient doping of Zr decreases the content of Ni 2+ and mitigates the mixing degree of Li + and Ni 2+ , implying the superior performance of doped cathode material. Compared with the bare sample (70.7%, 121.4 mAh g −1 ), the Zr-doped sample delivered a higher capacity retention of 85.6% after 300 cycles at 1C (1C = 180 mA g −1 ) and exhibited a considerable rate performance of 122.5 mAh g −1 at 20C. In particular, the Zr-doped cathodes performed dramatically on high rate cycling at 10C, with an initial capacity of 143.6 and 103.9 mAh g −1 after 300 cycles. Furthermore, the Zr-doped cathode delivered significant stability at a high potential of 4.5 V with a capacity retention of 72.1% after 300 cycles, while that of the bare sample was only 37.4%. The concept of gradient doping strategies during coprecipitation offers new insight into the design of advanced cathodes with excellent cycling stability and rate capability.

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“…[21,22] In addition to chemical doping, the phase-specific particle morphology in this system can be influenced via a structural engineering approach exploiting synthesis conditions. [8,13,23] For example, we recently demonstrated that it is possible to achieve a core-shell morphology in Li 1.1 Ni 0.35 Mn 0.55 O 2 with the Ni-rich R-phase preferentially segregated to particle surfaces by combining spray-pyrolysis with a post-deposition calcination at 900 °C. [24] This microstructure correlated to an enhanced electrode performance, with the optimal synthesis parameters delivering 160 and 100 mAhg −1 at C/3 and 1C, respectively, with 80% capacity retention after 150 cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Nanoscale Origin of Performance Enhancement in Li_1.1Ni_0.35Mn_0.55O₂ Batteries Due to Chemical Doping

Thersleff

Biendicho

Prakasha

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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While cathode materials with a layered structure containing Co such as LiNi 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 O 2 (NMC111) can currently provide high capacities, their use for next-generation Li-ion batteries is limited by the high toxicity, cost, and ethical issues associated with cobalt mining. [3,4] Due to the strategic importance of Co reduction or elimination, a wide range of alternative compounds and lithium chemistries are currently being researched; [5] however, most of these exhibit significant drawbacks compared to NMC111. For example, olivine (LiFePO 4 ) [6] and spinel (LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ) [7] based materials have interesting properties such as being Co-free, low cost and presenting high C-rate performance for rapid battery charging, but their capacity is limited to <200 mAhg −1 . Ni-rich layered oxides with low cobalt content, for example, LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2 (NMC622) and LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811) deliver high energy densities but suffer from slow kinetics and poor cycling stability requiring complex engineering at the particle level to enhance performance. [8,9] Additionally, these materials are prone to reactivity and instability upon exposure to ambient conditions [10] and their price has increased lately.In addition to the aforementioned compounds, it is also possible to fabricate Co-free cathode materials based off the layered Li-Mn-rich oxides. These form complex nanocomposite structures due to their nanoscale integration of two structural components: a monoclinic C2/m Li 2 MnO 3 -like phase (M-phase) and a rhombohedral R-3m LiMn 1/2 Ni 1/2 O 2 -like phase (R-phase). [11,12] The presence of both structures as a nanocomposite material is desirable, as they differ in their cation ordering and are active at different potentials up to 4.6 V versus Li + /Li, thereby maximizing energy density. However, without the inclusion of Co, these nanocomposites show limited capacity retention, poor efficiencies, severe voltage fade, and a failure to deliver capacity at high C-rates. [13,14] Several approaches have been discussed in the literature to improve the performance of this system, and some of the most promising results have been obtained by chemical doping. [13,15,16] For instance, Al-doped samples showed superior cycling performance and lower voltage decay than parent compositions, [17][18][19] which was attributed to a robust R-phase stabilizing the overall structure while blocking the random growth of spinel-like phases. [17] The effect Despite significant potential as energy storage materials for electric vehicles due to their combination of high energy density per unit cost and reduced environmental and ethical concerns, Co-free lithium ion batteries based on layered Mn oxides presently lack the longevity and stability of their Co-containing counterparts. Here, a reduction in this performance gap is demonstrated via chemical doping, with Li 1.1 Ni 0.35 Mn 0.54 Al 0.01 O 2 achieving an initial discharge capacity of 159 mAhg −1 at C/3 rate and a corresponding capacity retention of 94.3% after 150 ...

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Nanostructured Co‐Free Layered Oxide Cathode that Affords Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Stable Multicomponent Multiphase All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Stable Multicomponent Multiphase All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Oriented Gradient Doping of Zirconium in Ni-Rich Cathode to Achieve Ultrahigh Stability and Rate Capability

Exploring the Nanoscale Origin of Performance Enhancement in Li_1.1Ni_0.35Mn_0.55O₂ Batteries Due to Chemical Doping

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Nanostructured Co‐Free Layered Oxide Cathode that Affords Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Stable Multicomponent Multiphase All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Stable Multicomponent Multiphase All Active Material Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Oriented Gradient Doping of Zirconium in Ni-Rich Cathode to Achieve Ultrahigh Stability and Rate Capability

Exploring the Nanoscale Origin of Performance Enhancement in Li1.1Ni0.35Mn0.55O2 Batteries Due to Chemical Doping

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Exploring the Nanoscale Origin of Performance Enhancement in Li_1.1Ni_0.35Mn_0.55O₂ Batteries Due to Chemical Doping