Nanosize LiNiyMn2 ? yO4 (0 &lt; y ? 0.5) spinels synthesized by a sucrose-aided combustion method. Characterization and electrochemical performance

Lazarraga, M. G.; Pascual, L.; Gadjov, H.; Kovacheva, D.; Petrov, Κ.; Amarilla, José Manuel; Rojas, R.M.; Martín-Luengo, Maria Ángeles; Rojo, J. M.

doi:10.1039/b314157h

Cited by 98 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…156,157 In general, LiNi 0. 158 In both cases, the samples are clusters (1-4 μm) composed of nano-sized small particles. When used as cathode in lithium ion batteries, discharge capacities around 140 mA h g -1 and excellent cyclability after several cycles were obtained in both cases.…”

Section: Manganese Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 spinel was synthesized by single step sucrose aided self-combustion method, where mesopores were observed among the particles. 158 In both cases, the samples are clusters (1-4 μm) composed of nano-sized small particles. When used as cathode in lithium ion batteries, discharge capacities around 140 mA h g -1 and excellent cyclability after several cycles were obtained in both cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cathodes for lithium ion batteries: the benefits of using nanostructured materials

Camilo¹,

Torresi²

2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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As celas de íon lítio disponíveis comercialmente, as quais são as mais avançadas entre as baterias recarregáveis disponíveis até agora, empregam óxidos de metais de transição microcristalinos como catodos, os quais funcionam como matrizes de inserção de lítio. Em busca por uma melhor performance eletroquímica, o uso de nanomateriais no lugar dos materiais convencionais tem emergido como excelente alternativa. Nesta revisão nós apresentaremos uma breve introdução sobre as motivações de usar materiais nanoestruturados como catodos em baterias de íon-lítio. Para ilustrar tais vantagens apresentamos exemplos de pesquisas relacionadas com a preparação e dados eletroquímicos dos mais usados catodos em nanoescala, tais como LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiV 2 O 5 e LiFePO 4 .Commercially available lithium ion cells, which are the most advanced among rechargeable batteries available so far, employ microcrystalline transition metal oxides as cathodes, which function as Li insertion hosts. In search for better electrochemical performance the use of nanomaterials in place of these conventional ones has emerged as excellent alternative. In this review we present a brief introduction about the motivations to use nanostructured materials as cathodes in lithium ion batteries. To illustrate such advantages we present some examples of research directed toward preparations and electrochemical data of the most used cathodes in nanoscale, such as LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMnO 2 , LiV 2 O 5 e LiFePO 4 .Keywords: nanotechnology, lithium-ion battery, cathode, nanoparticles Initial RemarksSince Sony introduced its 18650 cell in 1990, 1 Li-ion batteries with excellent electrochemical performance have been manufactured and occupied a prime position in the market place 2 to power portable and non-portable devices. [3][4][5] The reason for this relevance is that compared to traditional rechargeable batteries such as, lead acid and Ni-Cd, the lithium-ion battery shows several advantages, such as lighter in weight, smaller in dimension and higher energy density. 1 Moreover, although capacity values may be similar to other rechargeable systems, voltages are approximately three times higher, affording higher energy. 1 In general, the commercial lithium-ion batteries use graphite-lithium composite, Li x C 6 , as anode, lithium cobalt oxide, LiCoO 2 , as cathode and a lithium-ion conducting electrolyte. When the cell is charged, lithium is extracted from the cathode and inserted at the anode. On discharge, the lithium ions are released by the anode and taken up again by the cathode (Figure 1).Owing to the importance of lithium ion batteries, these cells are still object of intense research to enhance their properties and characteristics. The searches focus on all aspects of these batteries, including improved anodes, 6-8 cathodes 9-17 and electrolytes. [18][19][20][21][22] However, most of these efforts are concentrated in new cathode materials, since the most used cathode material (LiCoO 2 ) is expensive and is somewhat toxic.The active catho...

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Section: Manganese Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Cathodes for lithium ion batteries: the benefits of using nanostructured materials

Camilo¹,

Torresi²

2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…This causes reduction of Mn 4þ to Mn 3þ , which results in the appearance of a second undesired discharge plateau at 4 V and a decrease in overall energy and power density. [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] In the present work, we have synthesized phase-pure LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 at low temperature. The low calcination temperature prevents structural distortion and the formation of Mn 3þ is avoided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include solid-state, solution-phase, solgel, spray pyrolysis, thin-film, molten-salt, and combustion methods. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] In ideal LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 , a redox process occurs by insertion-de-insertion of the lithium ion into the 8a site of the crystal lattice with oxidation-reduction of the Ni 2þ /Ni 4þ couple. In a perfect LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 crystal lattice, nickel should be in the þ2 and manganese in the þ4 oxidation state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-temperature Synthesis of Nanocrystalline LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and its Application as Cathode Material in High-power Li-ion Batteries

et al. 2014

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Nickel-doped lithium manganate spinels are a potential material for future energy storage owing to high cell potential and low price. Phase-pure spinels are difficult to prepare by conventional solid-state synthesis methods owing to loss of oxygen from the crystal lattice at high temperature (,8008C). Loss of oxygen causes Jahn-Teller distortion and Mn 4þ is converted into Mn 3þ , which results in undesired double-plateau discharge and reduction in capacity and stability of the material. In this study, nanocrystalline phase-pure LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 was prepared by co-precipitation with cyclohexylamine followed by calcination at a low temperature of 5008C. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed that a highly crystalline face-centred cubic product is formed with F-d3m space group. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope studies confirmed that the particles are in the nano range with a porous structure. The as-prepared LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 showed a high initial specific capacity (up to 130 mA h g À1 ) and retained up to 120 mA h g À1 up to 50 cycles. The material has high conductivity and remains stable up to a 20-C discharge rate.

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“…either the voltage or the capacity can be increased. LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 spinel exhibits a voltage of about 4.7 V [1][2][3][4], which is higher than other electrode materials like LiMn 2 O 4 (4 V [5]), LiCoO 2 (4 V [6]) and LiFePO 4 (3.4 V [7]). In the past decade, many methods have been used to synthesize this high voltage material, including solid-state reactions [8][9][10], sol-gel processes [11,12], and co-precipitation [13,14].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonstoichiometric Li1±x Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 with different structures and electrochemical properties

et al. 2012

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Li 1±x Ni 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (x=0.05, 0) spinel powders were synthesized using a solid-state reaction. Their structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Their electrochemical properties for use as active cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries were measured. The LiNi 0. [15]. The oxygen-deficient composition LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4-x is stable at temperatures over 800°C, but, when annealed at 700°C, the symmetry changes to P4 3 32. The 3 Fd m phase has a lower impedance and hence higher capacity at high rates. In addition, the cycle performance of the P4 3 32 phase is worse than that of the 3 Fd m phase because it must form an intermediate 3 Fd m phase during Li extraction. In addition to the annealing process, the synthetic method can also influence the space group of the LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 products [16,17].

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Nanosize LiNiyMn2 ? yO4 (0 < y ? 0.5) spinels synthesized by a sucrose-aided combustion method. Characterization and electrochemical performance

Cited by 98 publications

References 37 publications

Cathodes for lithium ion batteries: the benefits of using nanostructured materials

Cathodes for lithium ion batteries: the benefits of using nanostructured materials

Low-temperature Synthesis of Nanocrystalline LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and its Application as Cathode Material in High-power Li-ion Batteries

Nonstoichiometric Li1±x Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 with different structures and electrochemical properties

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