Nanoscale viscoelastic characterization of asphalt binders using the AFM-nDMA test

Aljarrah, Mohammad Fuad; Masad, Eyad

doi:10.1617/s11527-020-01543-3

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Therefore, the mechanical properties of the epicuticle layer are critical, especially in the nanoscale range. To directly explore the mechanical properties of the HLS under alternating stress, we used atomic force microscopy–nanoscale dynamic mechanical analysis (nano-DMA mode). − It can simultaneously measure the material’s storage modulus and loss modulus over a range of frequencies from 0.1 Hz to 20 kHz on the nanoscale. In addition, the probe descent process is similar to that of the tarsus pressing against the HLS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Selective-Response Bioinspired Strain Sensor Using Viscoelastic Material as Middle Layer

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

ACS Nano

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Flexible strain sensors have an irreplaceable role in critical and emerging fields, such as electronic skins, flexible robots, and prosthetics. Although numerous efforts have been made to improve sensor sensitivity to meet specific application scenarios, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an extremely critical and non-negligible indicator, which takes into account higher sensitivity, meaning that they can also detect the noise signals with high sensitivity. Coincidentally, scorpions with ultrasensitive vibration sensilla also face such a dilemma. Here, it is found that the scorpion ingeniously uses the viscoelastic material in front of its slit sensilla to realize efficient preprocessing of the signal. Its mechanism is that the loss factor of materials changes with frequency, affecting energy storage and transmission. Inspired by this ingenious strategy, a bioinspired strain sensor insensitive to a low strain rate was designed using a two-step template transfer method. As a result, its relative change in resistance reached 110% under the same strain (0.3197%) but with different strain rates (0.1 Hz and ∼20 Hz). The noncontact vibration experiments also show different responses to low-frequency vibration and high-frequency impact. Moreover, it can also be used as a typical flexible strain sensor. Under the tensile state, it has a gauge factor (GF) as high as 4596 upon 0.6% strain, and the response time is 140 ms. Therefore, it is expected that this strain sensor will be used in many important ultraprecision measurement fields, especially when the measured signal is small.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Selective-Response Bioinspired Strain Sensor Using Viscoelastic Material as Middle Layer

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

ACS Nano

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“…In order to ensure the smooth surface of asphalt, Yuan et al [ 79 ] put a glass slide in an environment of 160 °C for 5 min, and further smeared the binder with a dagger. Aljarrah et al [ 80 ] added the percentage of all modifiers according to the weight of the binder, and then placed the glass sample in an oven at 180 °C for 2 to 3 min until the surface was observed to be uniform and smooth. Israel et al [ 81 ] hot-casted 15% CR-B samples from several millimeters of asphalt surface at room temperature with a laboratory knife to avoid surface oxidation.…”

Section: Afm Test On Asphalt Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Atomic Force Microscopy as Advanced Asphalt Testing Technology: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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In the past three decades, researchers have engaged in the relationship between the composition, macro performance, and microstructure of asphalt. There are many research results in the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the microstructure and related mechanisms of asphalt. Based on previous studies, the performance of asphalt from its microstructure has been observed and analyzed, and different evaluation indices and modification methods have been proposed, providing guidance toward improving the performance of asphalt materials and benefiting potential applications. This review focuses on the typical application and analysis of AFM in the study of the aging regeneration and modification properties of asphalt. Additionally, this review introduces the history of the rheological and chemical testing of asphalt materials and the history of using AFM to investigate asphalt. Furthermore, this review introduces the basic principles of various modes of application of AFM in the microstructure of asphalt, providing a research direction for the further popularization and application of AFM in asphalt or other materials in the future. This review aims to provide a reference and direction for researchers to further popularize the application of AFM in asphalt and standardize the testing methods of AFM. This paper is also helpful in further exploring the relationship between the microstructure and macro performance of asphalt.

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“…The optical microscope images of all the binders were captured by preparing the samples on a microscope glass slide using the heat and cast approach [25,26].…”

Section: Optical Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the optical microscope images were thresholded to identify the LDPE polymer domains in the asphalt binder. The distinguish between PE domain, and asphalt binder was not only noticed with an optical microscope, but it was also able to identify with Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analysis, and the images were presented in a recent study conducted by Aljarrah and Masad [25]. From the optical microscope images, the equivalent diameter of LDPE domains was determined and the percentage of polymer particle size distribution was measured through the pixel count.…”

Section: Optical Microscopy-polymer Distribution Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of polymer structure and amount on microstructure and properties of polyethylene-modified asphalt binders

et al. 2021

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In recent years, the use of polyethylene (PE) for asphalt modification has been gaining increased attention due to the environmental sustainability and cost-saving benefits. To optimize the performance of the PE-asphalt blends, it is necessary to understand the polymer-binder interactions and their impact on the properties of the modified asphalt binder. In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with low and high melt flow index (MFI), i.e., LDPE4 and LDPE70, were blended with Pen 60-70 asphalt binder in dosages ranging from 1 to 5 wt.%. PE Wax was also added to the binder or the PE-binder blend to enhance dispersion. The dispersion of PE in the binder and the phase stability of the modified binder were investigated by optical microscope. The equivalent diameter of PE domains increased with time and the polymer dosage level. The addition of PE wax improved the polymer dispersity in the LDPE4 blends. The polymer dispersity in LDPE70 blends was good without adding PE Wax, attributed to the higher MFI value (low molecular weight) of LDPE70. In addition, to understand the stability of polymer modified binder, the steady shear viscosity-temperature profile of these binders was studied using a rotational viscometer. The dynamic rheological properties and performance of the PE-binder blends were evaluated using the dynamic shear rheometer. Based on the microstructure, all other rheological and performance properties, it was concluded that the 3% LDPE70 binder has better polymer dispersity, better low and high temperature performance characteristics.

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Nanoscale viscoelastic characterization of asphalt binders using the AFM-nDMA test

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

A Selective-Response Bioinspired Strain Sensor Using Viscoelastic Material as Middle Layer

A Selective-Response Bioinspired Strain Sensor Using Viscoelastic Material as Middle Layer

Application of Atomic Force Microscopy as Advanced Asphalt Testing Technology: A Comprehensive Review

Influence of polymer structure and amount on microstructure and properties of polyethylene-modified asphalt binders

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