Abstract:Imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) provides an attractive way to treat cancer. A composite material of a nanoscale metal-organic framework (NMOF) and graphene oxide (GO) has been prepared for potential use in tumor-guided PTT with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The NMOFs containing Fe were prefabricated with an octahedral morphology through a solvothermal reaction to offer a strong T -weighted contrast in MRI. Then the NMOFs were decorated with GO nanosheets, which had good photothermal properties. A… Show more
“…Also, the PET process under formation of Zr-PDI •− can be initiated by medically active dopamine (Supplementary Figs 39 and 40). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first direct NIR photothermal conversion of a MOF without extra chemical modification by using RAs 52–54 .Fig. 4Photothermal conversion performance of Zr-PDI •− .…”
Radical anions of electron-deficient systems are widely used, but are easily reoxidized upon exposure to air. Therefore, the stabilization of radical anions under ambient conditions is of great significance, but still remains a scientific challenge. Herein, perylenediimide is employed to prepare a crystalline metal-organic framework for stabilizing radical anions without extensive chemical modification. The porous, three-dimensional framework of perylenediimide can trap electron donors such as amine vapors and produce radical anions in-situ through photo-induced electron transfer. The radical anions are protected against quenching by shielding effect in air and remain unobstructed in air for at least a month. Because of the high yield and stability of the radical anions, which are the basis for near-infrared photothermal conversion, the framework shows high near-infrared photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 52.3%). The work provides an efficient and simple method towards ambient stable radical anions and affords a promising material for photothermal therapy.
“…Also, the PET process under formation of Zr-PDI •− can be initiated by medically active dopamine (Supplementary Figs 39 and 40). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first direct NIR photothermal conversion of a MOF without extra chemical modification by using RAs 52–54 .Fig. 4Photothermal conversion performance of Zr-PDI •− .…”
Radical anions of electron-deficient systems are widely used, but are easily reoxidized upon exposure to air. Therefore, the stabilization of radical anions under ambient conditions is of great significance, but still remains a scientific challenge. Herein, perylenediimide is employed to prepare a crystalline metal-organic framework for stabilizing radical anions without extensive chemical modification. The porous, three-dimensional framework of perylenediimide can trap electron donors such as amine vapors and produce radical anions in-situ through photo-induced electron transfer. The radical anions are protected against quenching by shielding effect in air and remain unobstructed in air for at least a month. Because of the high yield and stability of the radical anions, which are the basis for near-infrared photothermal conversion, the framework shows high near-infrared photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 52.3%). The work provides an efficient and simple method towards ambient stable radical anions and affords a promising material for photothermal therapy.
“…276,277 Besides efficient diagnostic applications, graphene/Fe 2 O 3 NPs hybrids have been investigated as magnetically targeted drug delivery systems with simultaneous photothermal effect. 278,279 Many Figure 12 Schematic presentation of fabrication of GO-based gene delivery system through covalent attachment of LMW BPEI to this platform. Notes: Conjugation of BPEI to GO enhances the photoluminescence properties of GO and improves the cellular uptake and transfection efficiency of the system.…”
Two-dimensional nanomaterials are emerging as promising candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications including tissue engineering, biosensing, pathogen incapacitation, wound healing, and gene and drug delivery. Graphene, due to its high surface area, photothermal property, high loading capacity, and efficient cellular uptake, is at the forefront of these materials and plays a key role in this multidisciplinary research field. Poor water dispersibility and low functionality of graphene, however, hamper its hybridization into new nanostructures for future nanomedicine. Functionalization of graphene, either by covalent or non-covalent methods, is the most useful strategy to improve its dispersion in water and functionality as well as processability into new materials and devices. In this review, recent advances in functionalization of graphene derivatives by different (macro)molecules for future biomedical applications are reported and explained. In particular, hydrophilic functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) to improve their water dispersibility and physicochemical properties is discussed. We have focused on the anticancer drug delivery of polyfunctional graphene sheets.
“…Graphene, an sp 2 -bonded two-dimensional carbon nanosheet in the form of a honeycomb lattice, is a nanomaterial that has received much attention for diverse applications, such as nanoelectronics, energy storage and conversion, nanocomposite materials, and biomedicine, on the basis of its extraordinary physicochemical properties [1,2,3,4,5]. Among the graphene derivatives, graphene oxide (GO) has been extensively studied in recent years, especially for drug delivery [6,7,8,9,10], biological imaging [11,12], and photothermal therapy (PTT) [13,14,15,16,17]. Furthermore, GO can be easily modified by biomolecules with abundant functional groups (epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxylic acid units) on the GO nanosheet, resulting in improved properties, such as stability, solubility, biocompatibility, and targeting ability [18,19,20,21].…”
The long wavelength absorbing photosensitizer (PS) is important in allowing deeper penetration of near-infrared light into tumor tissue for photodynamic therapy (PDT). A suitable drug delivery vehicle is important to attain a sufficient concentration of PS at the tumor site. Presently, we developed graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles containing long wavelength absorbing PS in the form of the chlorin derivative purpurin-18-N-ethylamine (maximum absorption wavelength [λmax] 707 nm). The GO–PS complexes comprised a delivery system in which PS was loaded by covalent and noncovalent bonding on the GO nanosheet. The two GO–PS complexes were fully characterized and compared concerning their synthesis, stability, cell viability, and dark toxicity. The GO–PS complexes produced significantly-enhanced PDT activity based on excellent drug delivery effect of GO compared with PS alone. In addition, the noncovalent GO–PS complex displayed higher photoactivity, corresponding with the pH-induced release of noncovalently-bound PS from the GO complex in the acidic environment of the cells. Furthermore, the noncovalently bound GO‒PS complex had no dark toxicity, as their highly organized structure prevented GO toxicity. We describe an excellent GO complex-based delivery system with significantly enhanced PDT with long wavelength absorbing PS, as well as reduced dark toxicity as a promising cancer treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
