Nanoscale mapping of ZnO–TiO₂ up-conversion phosphor containing Yb³⁺ and Er³⁺

Abstract

Up-conversion phosphors have attracted considerable attention for their visible-light emission. In this study, a ZnO-TiO 2 up-conversion phosphor containing Yb 3+ and Er 3+ ions was prepared; its emission characteristics and crystal structure were analyzed, and its nanoscale elemental mapping was examined. The metal organic decomposition (MOD) method was used to fabricate the samples. After firing the sample at 1000°C, the emission intensity showed a maximum when the molar ratio was Ti/ Zn/Yb/Er=1/1/0.06/0.02. Finally, the function of each element was considered from the viewpoint of the crystal structure and nanoscale mapping.