Nanoscale GaP strips based photonic crystal fiber with high nonlinearity and high numerical aperture for laser applications

A Novel Ultra-Low Loss Rectangle-Based Porous-Core PCF for Efficient THz Waveguidance: Design and Numerical Analysis

“…In the core area of a PCF, the quantity of gathered power can be realized by the numerical aperture, and it relies on the effective area of the proposed PCF [ 48 ]. The numerical aperture ( N A ) of the proposed waveguide is calculated using the Equation (9) [ 1 ]: where λ is the wavelength of the operating signal.…”

High birefringence and near‐zero dispersion control of nonlinear photonic crystal fibers with a double‐cladded coaxial core

“…1,2 As a promising solution in modern society, the optical fiber has been applied not only to communication systems but also to a variety of sensors or high optical power deliveries as in laser systems. [3][4][5][6] Accordingly, one of the major trends in optical fiber science is to be able to accommodate and obtain appropriate fibers with polarization maintaining (PM), which enables to preserve the polarization state of the source input light beam to match with the state of the output beam under stable condition, as in fiber optic gyroscope, interferometric fiber sensing, and optical long-distance coherent communication systems. 5,6 Also, chromatic dispersion characteristics for those optical fiber applications are imperatively necessary to be optimized and managed to incorporate a near-zero dispersion at the operating wavelength in terms of avoiding the catastrophic build-up of spurious waves, because these are considered as major sources of signal degradation.…”

Numerical analysis of photonic crystal fibre with high birefringence and high nonlinearity

“…Nanocrystal filled core [24,25] of different shapes obtained a nonlinearity and confinement loss of 321,004 W −1 km −1 and 1 × 10 −8 dB m −1 and 128,873.1183 W −1 km −1 and 1.47 × 10 −5 dB m −1 , respectively. Nanoscale gallium phosphide [26] has been introduced into the a hexagonal core to achieve nonlinearity of 62,448.64 W −1 km −1 at 1.04 μm. Quasi lattice structures have been filled with the following materials; chalcogenide [27] in an elliptical porous core to achieved nonlinearity of 4.72 × 10 4 W −1 km −1 at 1.0 μm wavelength, Ge 20 Sb 15 Se 65 [28] in rectangular core to achieved a birefringence of 1.46 × 10 −1 and nonlinearity of 6.161 × 10 3 W −1 km −1 at infrared range, silicon nano crystal [29] in elliptical embedded core to achieve nonlinearity of 4.2 × 10 5 W −1 km −1 at wavelength of 1 μm and a birefringence of 3.2 × 10 −1 at a wavelength of 3 μm and Tellurite [30] in elliptical core to obtain a nonlinearity of 1.5 × 10 4 W −1 km −1 at 0.6 μm.…”