Numerical analysis of photonic crystal fibre with high birefringence and high nonlinearity

Abstract

A four-ring microstructure photonic crystal fibre with a descending air hole ring cladding is presented. Numerical analysis of the structure is done using full vectorial finite element method with perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition. It is demonstrated that it is possible to achieve at 1.55 µm confinement loss of 2.767 × 10−5 dB/m, birefringence of 0.00346 and a nonlinear co-efficient of 41.77 km−1 W−1. Also, chromatic dispersion realised suggests a tuneable zero dispersion at 0.9–1.1 µm wavelength range.

A Theoretical Study of the Supercontinuum Generation for the Photonic Crystal Fibre

“…Photonic crystal fibre (PCF) technology has advanced steadily in recent years, attracting considerable interest from researchers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In general, they are constructed of a single substance, such as silica, with tiny air holes running the length of their fibre.…”

“…In general, they are constructed of a single substance, such as silica, with tiny air holes running the length of their fibre. To obtain desirable optical features, such as indefinitely single-mode operation, several factors can be modified, including air hole arrangement, air hole pitch and diameter, air hole size, and the refractive index of the fibre material [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. J. Wang et al [12] proposed that PCFs be guided via a bandgap using elliptical air holes.…”

Tellurite-filled hexa-circular-shaped PCF with highly nonlinearity, birefringent and near-zero dispersion profile for optical communications

“…It is obvious from the above-alluded literature review that plenty of exciting base materials have been practiced in recent years to fine-tune the modal attributes of PCFs, involving fused silica [20,[28][29][30], graphene [31][32], GaP [33][34], tellurite [24][25]27], chalcogenide [38], Si 7 N 3 [19], GaAs [35], ZBLAN [36], TOPAS [39][40][41][42], As 2 S 3 and As 2 S 5 [37], etc. Particularly, among the substances enumerated above, fused silica is regarded as the most continually operated base material.…”

Theoretical Analysis of Square Structured Photonic Crystal Fibre Using the Golden Ratio

“…On the other hand, the latter comprises a single background material, such as silicon dioxide, and hollow air holes surround the axes of the fibre. Index guiding PCF has numerous advantages and attractive properties over the conventional optical fibre such as endlessly single-mode range [4], large effective area [5], large negative dispersion [6,7], high nonlinear coefficient [8], high birefringence [9,10], low attenuation [11], near-zero and flattened dispersion [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and so on.…”

“…Different models of photonic crystal fibre have been proposed in the literature, with some models exhibiting flattened dispersion over the desired wavelength range [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], one of the essential properties for data communication medium. A three-core photonic quasi-crystal fibre with twelve-fold symmetry using a silica doped germanium material is proposed [12].…”