Nanosafety by design: risks from nanocomposite/nanowaste combustion

Bouillard, Jacques; R’Mili, Badr; Moranviller, Daniel; Vignes, Alexis; Bihan, Olivier Le; Ustache, Aurélien; Bomfim, João A. S.; Fréjafon, Emeric; Fleury, Dominique

doi:10.1007/s11051-013-1519-3

Cited by 49 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The average size of the released aerosol ranges from ~30 to ~100 nm, in agreement with the sizes observed in the literature. 38 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is limited literature on the TD of nanomaterials with only three published studies 38,41–42 but evidence continues to grow. Walser et al 41 investigated the fate of raw CeO 2 nanoparticles upon their disposal in an incineration plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that CeO 2 particles do not escape in the atmosphere during incineration, but might bind to waste residues and end-up in landfills. Regarding polymer nanocomposites, Bouillard et al 38 studied the potential release of CNTs from CNT-polymer composites upon their controlled combustion. The particle size distribution of the resulting aerosol is sub-micron, with a large fraction in the nano-regime (<100 nm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An integrated methodology for the assessment of environmental health implications during thermal decomposition of nano-enabled products

Sotiriou

Singh

Zhang

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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The proliferation of nano-enabled products (NEPs) renders human exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) inevitable. Over the last decade, the risk assessment paradigm for nanomaterials focused primarily on potential adverse effect of pristine, as-prepared ENMs. However, the physicochemical properties of ENMs may be drastically altered across their life-cycle (LC), especially when they are embedded in various NEP matrices. Of a particular interest is the end-of-life scenario by thermal decomposition. The main objective of the current study is to develop a standardized, versatile and reproducible methodology that allows for the systematic physicochemical and toxicological characterization of the NEP thermal decomposition. The developed methodology was tested for an industry-relevant NEP in order to verify its versatility for such LC investigations. Results are indicative of potential environmental health risks associated with waste from specific NEP families and prompt for the development of safer-by-design approaches and exposure control strategies.

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“…The average size of the released aerosol ranges from ~30 to ~100 nm, in agreement with the sizes observed in the literature. 38 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An integrated methodology for the assessment of environmental health implications during thermal decomposition of nano-enabled products

Sotiriou

Singh

Zhang

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…Although, ENMs afford many useful properties, certain ENMs can cause adverse health effects such as cytotoxicity (DeLoid et al , 2016; DeLoid et al , 2014; Pirela et al , 2013; Pirela et al , 2014a), genotoxicity (Watson et al , 2013), epigenetic changes (Lu et al , 2016a; Lu et al , 2016b), and lung inflammation upon exposure (Borm et al , 2006; Konduru et al , 2014; Pirela, et al, 2013; Pirela et al , 2016). With this in mind, considerable concern over the hazards that may ensue due to the release of ENMs during consumer use and disposal of nano-enabled thermoplastics has created efforts to understand potential exposures across the life cycle of nano-enabled products (Bouillard et al , 2013; Grassian et al , 2016; Pirela et al , 2014b; Sisler et al , 2014; Wohlleben et al , 2011; Wohlleben and Neubauer, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological implications of released particulate matter during thermal decomposition of nano-enabled thermoplastics

Watson-Wright¹,

Singh²,

Demokritou³

2017

NanoImpact

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Nano-enabled thermoplastics are part of the growing market of nano-enabled products (NEPs) that have vast utility in several industries and consumer goods. The use and disposal of NEPs at their end of life has raised concerns about the potential release of constituent engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) during thermal decomposition and their impact on environmental health and safety. To investigate this issue, industrially relevant nano-enabled thermoplastics including polyurethane, polycarbonate, and polypropylene containing carbon nanotubes (0.1 and 3% w/v, respectively), polyethylene containing nanoscale iron oxide (5% w/v), and ethylene vinyl acetate containing nanoscale titania (2 and 5% w/v) along with their pure thermoplastic matrices were thermally decomposed using the recently developed lab based Integrated Exposure Generation System (INEXS). The life cycle released particulate matter (called LCPM) was monitored using real time instrumentation, size fractionated, sampled, extracted and prepared for toxicological analysis using primary small airway epithelial cells to assess potential toxicological effects. Various cellular assays were used to assess reactive oxygen species and total glutathione as measurements of oxidative stress along with mitochondrial function, cellular viability, and DNA damage. By comparing toxicological profiles of LCPM released from polymer only (control) with nano-enabled LCPM, potential nanofiller effects due to the use of ENMs were determined. We observed associations between NEP properties such as the percent nanofiller loading, host matrix, and nanofiller chemical composition and the physico-chemical properties of released LCPM, which were linked to biological outcomes. More specifically, an increase in percent nanofiller loading promoted a toxicological response independent of increasing LCPM dose. Importantly, differences in host matrix and nanofiller composition were shown to enhance biological activity and toxicity of LCPM. This work highlights the importance of assessing the toxicological properties of LCPM and raises environmental health and safety concerns of nano-enabled products at their end of life during thermal decomposition/incineration.

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“…Currently, very little is known about the transfer of ENMs from solid waste matrices to the liquid phase like in landfill leachates (Reinhart et al, 2010), during incineration processes (Bouillard et al, 2013;Price et al, 2014), or during recycling processes where ENMs can become airborne. Therefore, approaches and analytical methods are needed to detect ENMs in solid, liquid and gaseous waste samples in order to address these knowledge gaps.…”

Section: Current Challenges In Nanowaste Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current limitations and challenges in nanowaste detection, characterisation and monitoring

et al. 2015

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Nanosafety by design: risks from nanocomposite/nanowaste combustion

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

An integrated methodology for the assessment of environmental health implications during thermal decomposition of nano-enabled products

An integrated methodology for the assessment of environmental health implications during thermal decomposition of nano-enabled products

Toxicological implications of released particulate matter during thermal decomposition of nano-enabled thermoplastics

Current limitations and challenges in nanowaste detection, characterisation and monitoring

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