Nanoporosity improved water absorption, in vitro degradability, mineralization, osteoblast responses and drug release of poly(butylene succinate)-based composite scaffolds containing nanoporous magnesium silicate compared with magnesium silicate

Abstract

Bioactive composite macroporous scaffold containing nanoporosity was prepared by incorporation of nanoporous magnesium silicate (NMS) into poly(butylene succinate) (PBSu) using solvent casting–particulate leaching method. The results showed that the water absorption and in vitro degradability of NMS/PBSu composite (NMPC) scaffold significantly improved compared with magnesium silicate (MS)/PBSu composite (MPC) scaffold. In addition, the NMPC scaffold showed improved apatite mineralization ability, indicating better bioactivity, as the NMPC containing nanoporosity could induce more apatite and homogeneous apatite layer on the surfaces than MPC scaffold. The attachment and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on NMPC scaffold increased significantly compared with MPC scaffold, and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the cells on NMPC scaffold was expressed at considerably higher levels compared with MPC scaffold. Moreover, NMPC scaffold with nanoporosity not only had large drug loading (vancomycin) but also exhibited drug sustained release. The results suggested that the incorporation of NMS into PBSu could produce bioactive composite scaffold with nanoporosity, which could enhance water absorption, degradability, apatite mineralization and drug sustained release and promote cell responses.

Intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification are impaired differently between glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis

“…The ALP activity was measured with the ALP assay at 7 and 10 days after treatment with osteogenic differentiation medium. The assays were performed as previously described 54 . The ALP activity was expressed as the OD value per the total protein amount, which was determined using BCA protein assay kits and a series of BSA standards.…”

Preliminary Study of In Vitro Three-Dimensional Skin Model Using an Ovine Collagen Type I Sponge Seeded with Co-Culture Skin Cells: Submerged versus Air-Liquid Interface Conditions

“…Then, the scaffolds were immersed in PBS (pH 7.2) and incubated at 37 • C for 1 h. The excessive liquid from the sponge scaffolds surface were gently removed using filter paper, followed by weighing to obtain the weight after swelling (S s ). The water uptake ability was evaluated after incubation for 48 h at 37 • C to permit water adsorption therefore as mentioned in previous publication [25] the sponges were initially weighed to obtain their dry weight (W d ) followed by weighing to obtain their weight after water uptake (W s ). The swelling ratio and water uptake were calculated using the equations below:…”

<p>Osteoblast/bone-tissue responses to porous surface of polyetheretherketone–nanoporous lithium-doped magnesium silicate blends’ integration with polyetheretherketone</p>

“…Nanoporous magnesium silicate (nMS) is a bioactive glass that possesses a nanoporous structure with large surface area and high pore volume 18. Our previous research has confirmed that the nMS exhibits superior in vitro bioactivity, cytocompatibility, and in vivo osteogenesis 19…”