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This study suggested that the Baduanjin exercise provided a safe and feasible treatment option for patients with knee OA, as well as offered reductions in pain, stiffness, and disability, which helped improve the patients' quadriceps strength and aerobic ability.

BackgroundProspective studies that have examined the association between dietary magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentrations and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events have reported conflicting findings. We undertook a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between dietary magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentrations and the risk of total CVD events.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe performed systematic searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and OVID up to February 1, 2012 without limits. Categorical, linear, and nonlinear, dose-response, heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup, and meta-regression analysis were performed. The analysis included 532,979 participants from 19 studies (11 studies on dietary magnesium intake, 6 studies on serum magnesium concentrations, and 2 studies on both) with 19,926 CVD events. The pooled relative risks of total CVD events for the highest vs. lowest category of dietary magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentrations were 0.85 (95% confidence interval 0.78 to 0.92) and 0.77 (0.66 to 0.87), respectively. In linear dose-response analysis, only serum magnesium concentrations ranging from 1.44 to 1.8 mEq/L were significantly associated with total CVD events risk (0.91, 0.85 to 0.97) per 0.1 mEq/L (Pnonlinearity = 0.465). However, significant inverse associations emerged in nonlinear models for dietary magnesium intake (Pnonlinearity = 0.024). The greatest risk reduction occurred when intake increased from 150 to 400 mg/d. There was no evidence of publication bias.Conclusions/SignificanceThere is a statistically significant nonlinear inverse association between dietary magnesium intake and total CVD events risk. Serum magnesium concentrations are linearly and inversely associated with the risk of total CVD events.

Metallic implants with a low effective modulus can provide early load-bearing and reduce stress shielding, which is favorable for increasing in vivo life-span. In this research, porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds with three pore sizes (300~400, 400~500, and 500~700 μm) were manufactured by Electron Beam Melting, with an elastic modulus range of 3.7 to 1.7 GPa. Cytocompatibility in vitro and osseointegration ability in vivo of scaffolds were assessed. hBMSCs numbers increased on all porous scaffolds over time. The group with intended pore sizes of 300 to 400 μm was significantly higher than that of the other two porous scaffolds at days 5 and 7. This group also had higher ALP activity at day 7 in osteogenic differentiation experiment. The scaffold with pore size of 300 to 400 μm was implanted into a 30-mm segmental defect of goat metatarsus. In vivo evaluations indicated that the depth of bone ingrowth increased over time and no implant dislocation occurred during the experiment. Based on its better cytocompatibility and favorable bone ingrowth, the present data showed the capability of the additive manufactured porous Ti6Al4V scaffold with an intended pore size of 300 to 400 μm for large segmental bone defects.

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Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is noninvasive and possesses high bodypenetration depth, showing great potential for the treatment of deep-seated solid tumors. The efficacy of SDT, however, is limited by widespread hypoxia in solid tumors. Given this, an ultrasound-activated nanosystem is developed by integrating ferrate(VI) and protoporphyrin IX into biodegradable hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoplatforms, followed by assembling a phasechange material of lauric acid. The ferrate(VI) effectively reacts with water as well as overexpressed hydrogen peroxide and glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells, leading to tumor-microenvironment-independent oxygen production and in situ GSH depletion in tumors. More importantly, significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction is simultaneously achieved by protoporphyrin-augmented SDT and intracellular Fenton chemistry. Furthermore, the mild hyperthermia induced by ultrasound can trigger the phase change of lauric acid, achieving ultrasound-responsive control over the release of oxygen and ROS, and the depletion of GSH. The simultaneous oxygen generation, in situ GSH depletion, and ROS overproduction play a synergetic role in sensitizing SDT toward hypoxic solid tumors, which is verified by the remarkable improvement of hypoxic environments and more significant growth inhibition of SDT against osteosarcoma both in vitro and in vivo, showing promising application in hypoxic solid tumor treatment.

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