Nanoplasmonic hydrogen sensing

Abstract

In this review we discuss the evolution of surface plasmon resonance and localized surface plasmon resonance based hydrogen sensors. We put particular focus on how they are used to study metal-hydrogen interactions at the nanoscale, both at the ensemble and the single nanoparticle level. Such efforts are motivated by a fundamental interest in understanding the role of nanosizing on metal hydride formation processes. However, nanoplasmonic hydrogen sensors are not only of academic interest but may also find more practical use as all-optical gas detectors in industrial and medical applications, as well in a future hydrogen economy, where hydrogen is used as a carbon free energy carrier.

Presentation of a multilayer nanosensor for gas detection by palladium-membrane with emphasis on hydrogen gas

“…Similarly (not shown here), a transfer matrix with a phase element e −β j is given in Eq. (12). Phase angle β j is given in Eq.…”

“…Now, by combining Eqs. (11) and (12), we obtain the complete matrix operator for the multilayer stack, as in Eq. (14).…”

“…Increasing hydrogen concentration causes considerable increase in the palladium lattice constant. The most important parameter in the behavior of the sensor is the phase change [12]. In the α -phase (x < 1.5%), the PdH x lattice constant increases from 3.890Å to 3.895Å, expanding the PdH x .…”