Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Opportunities and Obstacles

Awasthi, Rajendra; Roseblade, Ariane; Hansbro, Philip M.; Rathbone, Michael J.; Dua, Kamal; Bebawy, Mary

doi:10.2174/1389450119666180326122831

Cited by 163 publications

(90 citation statements)

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“…For example, the results of the present study indicated that IQGAP1 is a potential target for CRC treatment and further highlighted that miR-124 is in theory a potential way to antagonize IQGAP1 similar to the WW domain peptide of IQGAP1 mentioned. Recently, nanoparticles have emerged as a popular concept for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumors (37)(38)(39). A type of combined polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) entrapping phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase inhibitors or irinotecan suppresses or even eliminates lung metastasis of CRC in a BALB/C mice model, but negligible accumulation of PNPs is detected in the organs including the spleen, liver and kidneys indicating good tissue selectivity of PNPs and organ safety (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR‑124 inhibits cell growth through targeting IQGAP1 in colorectal cancer

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2018

Mol Med Report

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MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-124 is a miRNA, which exerts tumor suppressive effects but is frequently absent in tumors. Although it has been validated to target oncogenic genes such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, forkhead box Q1, and Slug, the mechanistic link between miR-124 and potential target genes that contribute to tumor progression, is yet to be investigated. IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is a scaffold protein that participates in protein-protein interactions and integrating diverse signaling pathways. Previous studies suggest that overexpression of IQGAP1 enhances activity of mitogen activated protein kinase 1 and β-catenin signaling cascades to facilitate tumor progression. The present study aimed to identify the regulative link between miR-124 and IQGAP1 in colorectal cancer (CRC). It was demonstrated that IQGAP1 was aberrantly overexpressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of IQGPA1 by introducing short hairpin-IQGAP1 lentivirus inhibited CRC cell growth and colony formation ability, and simultaneously suppressed phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and β-catenin expression. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that miR-124 was silenced in CRC. Restoration of miR-124 in CRC cells impeded cell growth and colony formation ability. The direct binding of miR-124 to the 3'untranslated region of IQGAP1 mRNA was confirmed using a luciferase reporter gene assay. Importantly, downregulation of IQGAP1 expression was observed in miR-124-restoration cells with simultaneous reduction of phosphorylated-ERK1/2 and β-catenin. In conclusion, the present study describes a potential mechanism underlying the miR-124/IQGAP1 link in CRC progression. Silencing of miR-124 may depress IQGAP1 expression, leading to increased activity of ERK1/2 and β-catenin signaling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR‑124 inhibits cell growth through targeting IQGAP1 in colorectal cancer

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2018

Mol Med Report

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“…78 Imaging can be successfully used for the evaluation of biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. A variety of drug delivery systems have been developed that can be classified as (1) polymeric drug carriers including polymeric micelles, 79 polymeric NPs, 80 dendrimers, 81 cyclodextrins, 82 hydrogel NPs, 83 nanocapsules, 84 microparticles, 85 microcapsules, 86 and microspheres 87 ; (2) lipid-based drug carriers including liposomes, 88 solid lipid nanocarriers, 89 phospholipid micelles, 59 niosomes, 90 and ethosomes 91 ; and (3) metal and inorganic drug carriers including gold NPs, 80 nanoshells, 92 magnetic NPs, 93 carbon nanotubes, 94 quantum dots, 95 and so on for therapy and/or diagnosis of many diseases especially cancer. 96,97 Different types of drug delivery systems used for different biomedical applications are shown in Figure 2 and the properties of smart drug delivery systems used for cancer imaging or therapy are given in Table 2. A variety of drug delivery systems have been translated into clinics including Abraxane Ò , DaunoXome Ò , Doxil Ò / Caelyx Ò , Marqibo Ò , Myocet Ò , Onivyde Ò , and so on until today.…”

Section: Drug Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Alpha Therapy and Nanocarrier Approach

Silindir-Gunay

Karpuz

Özer

2020

Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals

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The rates of cancer incidence and mortality are increasing day by day. Although several conventional methods including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (RT) exist for cancer treatment, they are insufficient in the eradication of all tumor tissues and have some side-effects such as narrow therapeutic index and serious sideeffects to healthy tissues. Moreover, it may probably recur in time due to the survival and spreading of cancerous cells or any possible metastases. Targeted radionuclide therapy is a promising alternative. a particles are ideal for localized cell killing because of their high linear energy transfer and short ranges. However, upon emission of a particles, the daughter nuclides induce a recoil energy to lead decoupling from any chemical bond that may accumulate in normal tissues. Targeted a therapy can also be performed by targeted delivery systems apart from mAb, mAb fragments, peptides, and small molecules for selective tumor therapy. Targeted drug delivery systems have been developed to overcome the limitations of a therapy. Moreover, drug delivery systems are one of the most searched applications in cancer imaging and/or treatment due to their targeting ability to tumor or biocompatibility properties. The aim of this article is to summarize tumor therapy applications, targeted a RT approach, and to review the role of drug delivery systems in the delivery of a particles for cancer therapy and some instances of targeted a-emitting drug delivery systems from the literature.

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“…However, there are some difficulties, such as not yet well-understood physiological response to the nanoparticles, their deposition in the body and inducing inflammatory, oxidative and cytotoxic reactions. Other obstacles refer to the complicated production process, which can lead to instability of the nanoparticle over prolonged storage, as it is sensitive to changes in temperature and pressure [20].…”

Section: Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passing across the blood-brain barrier in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)

Rocka¹,

Psiuk²,

Nowak³

et al. 2020

J Educ Health Sport

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Introduction and purpose: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) consists of capillary endothelium, in which there are three types of intercellular junctions - adherent, tight and gap junctions.Efficient therapy involves delivering a therapeutic dose of drug into a specific site in the body, and maintaining this dose for adequate time afterwards. The aim of this study is to review current knowledge of new strategies in drug delivery to CNS and the effectiveness of these methods in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. This review was performed using the PubMed database. A brief description of the state of knowledge: Methods for delivering drugs to the brain are divided into invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods involve temporary disrupting tight intercellular junctions of the vascular endothelial cells and delivering drugs intracerebrally or intraventricularly during neurosurgical procedures. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of nanoparticles as drug carriers to the central nervous system via blood-brain barrier. The usage of nanoparticles implies many advantages, such as non-invasive, low cost, good biodegradability, stability, ability to carry various types of agents, selectivity and ability to control drug release. Conclusions: Limited options in treating brain located tumors, including glioblastoma multiforme, due to difficulties in drug penetration through the BBB engages scientists to search for new treatments. Crossing the BBB using invasive methods based on interruption of cell junctions show promising results, but they are associated with i.a. a high risk of uncontrolled influx of toxins to the CNS or ion-electrolyte imbalance, which may lead to neuronal dysfunction. Invasive methods can be effective only in tumors, while treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease is impossible. Recent studies show that nanoparticles would be a great, non-invasive alternative, but they are difficult to use with relatively low permeability through undamaged BBB. In some studies using nanoparticles as nanocarriers (EDVDox) or SYMPHONY method (combining photothermal therapy with GNS and immunotherapy of checkpoints in a mouse model) against GBM shows positive results. More research is required to confirm the effectiveness and safety of these treatments.

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Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment: Opportunities and Obstacles

Cited by 163 publications

References 0 publications

miR‑124 inhibits cell growth through targeting IQGAP1 in colorectal cancer

miR‑124 inhibits cell growth through targeting IQGAP1 in colorectal cancer

Targeted Alpha Therapy and Nanocarrier Approach

Passing across the blood-brain barrier in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)

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