Nanoparticles Based-Plant Protein Containing Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil; Fabrication, Characterization, and Evaluation

Abstract

The toxicity risks, instability of essential oil, and complex composition are principal obstacles to using essential plant oil for clinical applications. Solving stability-related problems, providing targeted drug delivery, and decreasing plant essential oil toxicity, encapsulation can be used successfully. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a perennial plant of the Lamiaceae family with various healing properties. However, the rosemary essential oil, as volatile oil, is fast evaporated, which limits its applications. This study’s goal is to boost the prevent evaporation and bioactivity of rosemary essential oil by developing zein-NPs as a promising NDS (nano-drug-delivery system) and assessing the effect of NPs on the rosemary essential oil efficacy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed NPs sizes between 70–200 nm. With dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), the average size of zein nanoparticle-containing rosemary essential oil (NPZLA) was obtained at ca. 154.5 nm. The entrapment efficiency (EE) on rosemary essential oil was ca. 71% inside the zein NPs. The in vitro release suggests that the polymeric barrier can control the rosemary essential oil release. Zein-NPs can be potentially used as NC (nanocarrier) for enhancing the evaporation inhibitor of ether oil of rosemary essential oil to enhance its bioavailability and performance further. It can be concluded that rosemary plant can be used as the core inside the nanoparticle by biological production method due to its medicinal properties and other properties. Based on the stated content, it is clear that in the future, by conducting more extensive research, the necessary platform can be provided for the use of this medicinal plant as much as possible in the pharmaceutical industry.

Antimicrobial Properties of Free and Encapsulated-essential Oil into Chitosan of Rosemary

“…Table 2 The results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for free ROEO, and ROEO encapsulated in chitosan on some pathogenic bacterias ). The antimicrobial activity of ROEO is due to the presence of volatile compounds 1, 8cineole, camphor, ignol and alpha-pinene and the phenolic compound of carnosic acid and linalool in its structure (Angourani et al 2022). According to the results of this research, the antibacterial activity of ROEO can be due to the presence of phenolic compounds and camphor, 1.8 cineole and borneol derivatives or the synergistic effect of the complex or part of its constituents may cause its microbiological effect.…”

Inhibitory activities of essential oils from Syzygium aromaticum inhibition of Echinochloa crus-galli

“…However, before recommending this oil as a viable option for the sustainable management of weeds in agricultural systems, some non-negligible factors need to be ascertained, such as their low solubility, volatility, and their impact on nontarget organisms [33][34][35]. Nevertheless, the solubility, stability and efficacy of EOs can be enhanced by encapsulation [36,37].…”

Nano-Organic Coatings Improve Early Vigor of Brassica napus L. Seeds in Water Deficit

“…The superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and electrolyte leakage were significantly affected by titanium nanoparticles (Table 8). The lowest ratios for superoxide dismutase (34), peroxidase (23.49), catalase (3.71), and chlorophyll content (48.60) and the highest electrolyte leakage (50.04) were obtained at the control with no application of this nanmaterial. However, their highest rates of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and chlorophyll content and lowest electrolyte leakage were observed in the highest level of nano-titanium (1 mM) (Table 9).…”

“…Materials that are used in seed coating typically consist of chalk, clay, soil, mica, quartz, talc, Pete, perlite, and wooden fiber, as well as all kinds of adhesives and varying levels of organic material [18]. Meanwhile, the application of nanotechnology and nanomaterials is progressively growing worldwide [34][35][36]. Nanoparticles are atomic or molecular complexes with dimensions as small as 1-100 nanometers with normally different properties compared to their original materials [37].…”