Abstract:This paper aims at investigation of possibilities and effectiveness of chloride extraction from concrete and nanoparticle injection into existing reinforced concrete structures by means of electromigration technique. Concrete specimens are exposed to accelerated chloride penetration tests in order to simulate a natural chloride exposure. The developed chloride profile is removed by electroextraction by reversing the polarity in the testing chamber. In a similar manner, concrete specimens are injected with diff… Show more
“…Non-destructive extraction of chlorides from the concrete can be significantly accelerated by electrochemical methods that involve application of an external electric field. In the lab, extraction of chlorides is realized in electromigration cells consisting of electrolyte filled upstream and downstream chambers with embedded electrodes connected to an external electric source [7]. On a structure, the electric circuit is realized between the steel rebars and externally attached net electrode that is placed in a conductive environment [9].…”
Section: Electrochemical Extraction Of Chloridesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A novel method of repairing concrete is based on electromigration of nanoparticles [6][7][8]. The injection decreases concrete permeability and slows subsequent penetration of chlorides toward rebars down.…”
Section: Decreasing Porosity By Electrochemical Injection Of Nanopart...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The injection decreases concrete permeability and slows subsequent penetration of chlorides toward rebars down. Works on electromigration of nanosilica [21,22] which is an anionic particle in the colloidal form or a few cationic nanoparticles can be found in the literature [6][7][8]. Colloidal nanoparticles are small particles, typically 5-50 nm in diameter, with a surface charge that can be utilized for their transport.…”
Section: Decreasing Porosity By Electrochemical Injection Of Nanopart...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…None of them is easy and long-lasting. Reverting corrosion in the first and second stages can also be performed via several non-destructive methods such as lowering chloride concentration in concrete by electrochemical chloride removal [2], electro-migration of corrosion inhibitors towards reinforcement [3][4][5] or injection of nanoparticles into concrete [6][7][8]. Some of the processes can be applied simultaneously, e.g.…”
The paper is primarily focused on the description of transport of harmful species in concrete such as chlorides on one side and transport of corrosion inhibitors and nanoparticles used to diminish corrosion of steel reinforcement or seal the microstructure of concrete on the other side. The studied processes are helpful in reverting the chloride induced corrosion of the reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures. The transport mechanisms are summarized with the emphasis on their mathematical description and numerical solution. The paper shows modeling results of the processes including a comparison with experimental data on several typical examples. The efficiency of the methods is shown supported by experimental and numerical results. A good correlation of the models with experiments is achieved.
“…Non-destructive extraction of chlorides from the concrete can be significantly accelerated by electrochemical methods that involve application of an external electric field. In the lab, extraction of chlorides is realized in electromigration cells consisting of electrolyte filled upstream and downstream chambers with embedded electrodes connected to an external electric source [7]. On a structure, the electric circuit is realized between the steel rebars and externally attached net electrode that is placed in a conductive environment [9].…”
Section: Electrochemical Extraction Of Chloridesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A novel method of repairing concrete is based on electromigration of nanoparticles [6][7][8]. The injection decreases concrete permeability and slows subsequent penetration of chlorides toward rebars down.…”
Section: Decreasing Porosity By Electrochemical Injection Of Nanopart...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The injection decreases concrete permeability and slows subsequent penetration of chlorides toward rebars down. Works on electromigration of nanosilica [21,22] which is an anionic particle in the colloidal form or a few cationic nanoparticles can be found in the literature [6][7][8]. Colloidal nanoparticles are small particles, typically 5-50 nm in diameter, with a surface charge that can be utilized for their transport.…”
Section: Decreasing Porosity By Electrochemical Injection Of Nanopart...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…None of them is easy and long-lasting. Reverting corrosion in the first and second stages can also be performed via several non-destructive methods such as lowering chloride concentration in concrete by electrochemical chloride removal [2], electro-migration of corrosion inhibitors towards reinforcement [3][4][5] or injection of nanoparticles into concrete [6][7][8]. Some of the processes can be applied simultaneously, e.g.…”
The paper is primarily focused on the description of transport of harmful species in concrete such as chlorides on one side and transport of corrosion inhibitors and nanoparticles used to diminish corrosion of steel reinforcement or seal the microstructure of concrete on the other side. The studied processes are helpful in reverting the chloride induced corrosion of the reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures. The transport mechanisms are summarized with the emphasis on their mathematical description and numerical solution. The paper shows modeling results of the processes including a comparison with experimental data on several typical examples. The efficiency of the methods is shown supported by experimental and numerical results. A good correlation of the models with experiments is achieved.
“…Electrochemical extraction [7,8] is one of the solutions that can be used to repair reinforced concrete structure already attacked by chlorides. Besides chlorides, other particles with the charge, such as corrosion inhibitors or nanoparticles, can also be transported via electric field [8,[11][12][13]. The convective flux of ions caused by the electromotive force is much larger that the diffusive flux and leads to radical shortening of the time needed for extraction of chlorides from the structure.…”
This contribution deals with the efficiency of electromigration of chlorides used as a repair method for reinforced concrete structures. Experimental studies of accelerated chloride transport tests were performed on samples of concrete without chlorides and with admixed sodium chloride during concreting. Two concrete types from Portland cement characterized with normal and low compressive strengths were studied. The electromigration was applied to penetrate chlorides into the chloride-free sample and for extraction of chlorides from the sample. The effectiveness of the chloride extraction process for rehabilitation of reinforced concrete in terms of lowering the chloride concentration in different concrete types and surface concentration was observed. Electrical extraction was found to be effective for lowering of initial chloride concentration by 15-20% after 24 hours. The decrease in surface concentrations was found in the range of 40-50%. The extraction process was found to be feasible and effective for both concrete types.
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