Nanoparticle Based Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Nanotechnology has gained increased attention for delivering therapeutic agents effectively to the cardiovascular system. Heart targeted nanocarrier based drug delivery is a new, effective and efficacious approach for treating various cardiac related disorders such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and myocardial infarction . Nanocarrier based drug delivery system circumvents the problems associated with conventional drug delivery systems, including their non-specificity, severe side effects and damage to the normal cells. Modification of physicochemical properties of nanocarriers such as size, shape and surface modifications can immensely alter its in-vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data and will provide better treatment strategy. Several nanocarriers such as lipid, phospholipid nanoparticles have been developed for delivering drugs to the target sites within the heart. This review summarizes and increases the understanding of the advanced nanosized drug delivery systems for treating cardiovascular disorders with the promising use of nanotechnology.

Novel Basic Science Insights to Improve the Management of Heart Failure: Review of the Working Group on Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Heart of the Italian Society of Cardiology

“…vNCs in CVD mainly belongs to the AAV (Adeno-Associated-Virus) vector type. AAVs are small and non-enveloped icosahedral capsids containing a single-stranded DNA engineered to contain the therapeutic gene of interest [101]. Based on the serotype (12 strains so far identified) and the tissue promoter specificity, AAV vectors can be used to transduce genetic material in a broad range of cell type and organs.…”

Nanomaterial-Mediated Theranostics for Vascular Diseases

“…Delivering drugs with nanotechnology might be advantageous to wean off the issues of systemic exposure, drug-drug interactions, off-target effects, poor bioavailability, water-solubility, low biological efficacy, and drug resistance. Nanomaterial-mediated drug delivery improves safety and effectiveness by increasing drug stability and water solubility, increasing the drug uptake by target cells, prolonging the cycle time, and reducing enzymatic degradation [78,79]. Nanoparticle-based therapy also helps in overcoming biological barriers and enhancing the therapeutic index of the drug [3].…”

Application of the Nano-Drug Delivery System in Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Owing to the rapid development of nanoscience and outstanding performance of nanomaterials, nanotechnology has become a new solution to overcome the bottleneck of cardiovascular disease treatment. Nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are a class of nanomaterials that have abilities to increase the stability and water solubility of drugs, prolong the cycle time, increase the uptake rate of target cells or tissues, and reduce enzyme degradation, thereby improve the safety and effectiveness of drugs (Quan et al, 2015;Gupta et al, 2019). NDDSs can be administered by various routes including inhalation, oral administration, or intravenous injection, remaining better bioavailability.…”