Nanoindentation of biological materials

Ebenstein, Donna M.; Pruitt, Lisa A.

doi:10.1016/s1748-0132(06)70077-9

Cited by 422 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Additionally, the edges of the indentation mark in the incubation stage are partially disturbed in contrast to the sharp edges in another stages. Such roughness of the indentation mark can be ascribed to the pull-out effect due to the adhesion depending on the hydration by the indenter [43][44][45]. The correction of the adhesion on protein crystals by the indenter would be required for more accurate analysis of the indentation hardness.…”

Section: Dislocations and Peierls Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microindentation Hardness of Protein Crystals under Controlled Relative Humidity

et al. 2017

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Vickers microindentation hardness of protein crystals was investigated on the (110) habit plane of tetragonal hen egg-white lysozyme crystals containing intracrystalline water at controlled relative humidity. The time evolution of the hardness of the crystals exposed to air with different humidities exhibits three stages such as the incubation, transition, and saturation stages. The hardness in the incubation stage keeps a constant value of 16 MPa, which is independent of the humidity. The incubation hardness can correspond to the intrinsic one in the wet condition. The increase of the hardness in the transition and saturation stages is well fitted with the single exponential curve, and is correlated with the reduction of water content in the crystal by the evaporation. The saturated maximum hardness also strongly depends on the water content equilibrated with the humidity. The slip traces corresponding to the 110 [110] slip system around the indentation marks are observed in not only incubation but also saturation stages. It is suggested that the plastic deformation in protein crystals by the indentation can be attributed to dislocation multiplication and motion inducing the slip. The indentation hardness in protein crystals is discussed in light of dislocation mechanism with Peierls stress and intracrystalline water.

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Section: Dislocations and Peierls Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microindentation Hardness of Protein Crystals under Controlled Relative Humidity

et al. 2017

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“…In considering the mechanical characterization of hydrated biological materials, 9,10 indentation is ideal because the specimen need not be "gripped" as for tensile testing nor is there a requirement for substantial machining to create "dogbone" specimens. There is also significant potential for measurement and mapping of local properties in heterogeneous and functionally graded tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size effects in indentation of hydrated biological tissues

et al. 2011

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Fluid flow in biological tissues is important in both mechanical and biological contexts. Given the hierarchical nature of tissues, there are varying length scales at which time-dependent mechanical behavior due to fluid flow may be exhibited. Here, spherical nanoindentation and microindentation testings are used for the characterization of length scale effects in the mechanical response of hydrated tissues. Although elastic properties were consistent across length scales, there was a substantial difference between the time-dependent mechanical responses for large and small contact radii in the same tissue specimens. This difference was far more obvious when poroelastic analysis was used instead of viscoelastic analysis. Overall, indentation testing is a fast and robust technique for characterizing the hierarchical structure of biological materials from nanometer to micrometer length scales and is capable of making quantitative material property measurements to do with fluid flow.

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“…Nanoindentation has become a common technique for characterizing the mechanical properties of a wide range of materials, including materials with timedependent mechanical behavior such as polymers [1] and biological materials [2]. Until recently, the majority of nanoindentation studies concerning biological tissues were on stiff, hard mineralized tissues, and most samples were dehydrated for testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic and poroelastic mechanical characterization of hydrated gels

et al. 2009

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Measurement of the mechanical behavior of hydrated gels is challenging due to a relatively small elastic modulus and dominant time-dependence compared with traditional engineering materials. Here polyacrylamide gel materials are examined using different techniques (indentation, unconfined compression, dynamic mechanical analysis) at different length-scales and considering both viscoelastic and poroelastic mechanical frameworks. Elastic modulus values were similar for nanoindentation and microindentation, but both indentation techniques overestimated elastic modulus values compared with homogeneous loading techniques. Hydraulic and intrinsic permeability values from microindentation tests, deconvoluted using a poroelastic finite element model, were consistent with literature values for gels of the same composition. Although elastic modulus values were comparable for viscoelastic and poroelastic analyses, timedependent behavior was length-scale dependent, supporting the use of a poroelastic, instead of a viscoelastic, framework for future studies of gel mechanical behavior under indentation.

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Nanoindentation of biological materials

Cited by 422 publications

References 107 publications

Microindentation Hardness of Protein Crystals under Controlled Relative Humidity

Microindentation Hardness of Protein Crystals under Controlled Relative Humidity

Size effects in indentation of hydrated biological tissues

Viscoelastic and poroelastic mechanical characterization of hydrated gels

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