Nanoimprint-assisted fabrication of high haze metal mesh electrode for solar cells

Iwahashi, Takashi; Yang, Rong; Okabe, Noriaki; Sakùrai, Jun; Lin, Jun; Matsunaga, Daisuke

doi:10.1063/1.4903061

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b) Plot of transmittance versus sheet resistance for copper EMTEs with different mesh thickness, with calculated FoMs shown in the inset. c) Comparison of the FoMs of EMTEs with other published transparent electrodes (metal NW, [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] metal mesh, [19][20][21][22][23][24]35,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] and hybrid [59][60][61][62][63] ) and industrial standards. [ 63 ] solar cell applications.…”

Section: Dimensional Scalability and Materials Versatilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐Performance Flexible Transparent Electrode with an Embedded Metal Mesh Fabricated by Cost‐Effective Solution Process

Khan

Lee

Jang

et al. 2016

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A new structure of flexible transparent electrodes is reported, featuring a metal mesh fully embedded and mechanically anchored in a flexible substrate, and a cost-effective solution-based fabrication strategy for this new transparent electrode. The embedded nature of the metal-mesh electrodes provides a series of advantages, including surface smoothness that is crucial for device fabrication, mechanical stability under high bending stress, strong adhesion to the substrate with excellent flexibility, and favorable resistance against moisture, oxygen, and chemicals. The novel fabrication process replaces vacuum-based metal deposition with an electrodeposition process and is potentially suitable for high-throughput, large-volume, and low-cost production. In particular, this strategy enables fabrication of a high-aspect-ratio (thickness to linewidth) metal mesh, substantially improving conductivity without considerably sacrificing transparency. Various prototype flexible transparent electrodes are demonstrated with transmittance higher than 90% and sheet resistance below 1 ohm sq(-1) , as well as extremely high figures of merit up to 1.5 × 10(4) , which are among the highest reported values in recent studies. Finally using our embedded metal-mesh electrode, a flexible transparent thin-film heater is demonstrated with a low power density requirement, rapid response time, and a low operating voltage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dimensional Scalability and Materials Versatilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Flexible Transparent Electrode with an Embedded Metal Mesh Fabricated by Cost‐Effective Solution Process

Khan

Lee

Jang

et al. 2016

Small

190

230

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show abstract

“…Of equal importance is that 3D metal microstructures can be achieved by roll-to-roll nanoimprinting process, which is highly scalable for low-cost and large-area fabrication, as evidenced by the success of micropatterned optical films for displays and imagings. [57,58]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact 3D Metal Collectors Enabled by Roll‐to‐Roll Nanoimprinting for Improving Capacitive Energy Storage

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2022

Small Methods

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Reducing the contact resistance between active materials and current collectors is of engineering importance for improving capacitive energy storage. 3D current collectors have shown extraordinary promise for reducing the contact resistance, however, there is a major obstacle of being bulky or inefficient fabrication before they become viable in practice. Here a roll‐to‐roll nanoimprinting method is demonstrated to deform flat aluminum foils into 3D current collectors with hierarchical microstructures by combining soft matter‐enhanced plastic deformation and template‐confined local surface nanocracks. The generated 3D current collectors are inserted by and interlocked with active electrode materials such as activated carbon, decreasing the contact resistance by at least one order of magnitude and quadrupling the specific capacitance at high current density of 30 A g–1 for commercial‐level mass loading of 5 mg cm–2. The 3D current collectors are so compact that they have a low volume percentage of 7.8% in the entire electrode film, resulting in energy and power density of 29.1 Wh L–1 and 12.8 kW L–1, respectively, for stack cells in organic electrolyte. Furthermore, roll‐to‐roll nanoimprinting of metal microstructures is low‐cost, high‐throughput, and can be extended to other systems that involve the microstructured metal interface, such as batteries and thermal management.

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“…In an LED, the maximum increase in outcoupling efficiency should match the emission maximum, whereas the maximum increase in coupling to the active layer in a solar cell should coincide with the absorption peak. Aside from enhancing the overall efficiency, periodic nanopatterns also allow for directional coupling of selective wavelengths [21,22], and may facilitate nanoparticle alignment during device fabrication [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Nanograting Fabrication by Multistep Nanoimprint Lithography and Ion Beam Etching

et al. 2021

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The application of nanopatterned electrode materials is a promising method to improve the performance of thin-film optoelectronic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics. Light coupling to active layers is enhanced by employing nanopatterns specifically tailored to the device structure. A range of different nanopatterns is typically evaluated during the development process. Fabrication of each of these nanopatterns using electron-beam lithography is time- and cost-intensive, particularly for larger-scale devices, due to the serial nature of electron beam writing. Here, we present a method to generate nanopatterns of varying depth with different nanostructure designs from a single one-dimensional grating template structure with fixed grating depth. We employ multiple subsequent steps of UV nanoimprint lithography, curing, and ion beam etching to fabricate greyscale two-dimensional nanopatterns. In this work, we present variable greyscale nanopatterning of the widely used electrode material indium tin oxide. We demonstrate the fabrication of periodic pillar-like nanostructures with different period lengths and heights in the two grating directions. The patterned films can be used either for immediate device fabrication or pattern reproduction by conventional nanoimprint lithography. Pattern reproduction is particularly interesting for the large-scale, cost-efficient fabrication of flexible optoelectronic devices.

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Nanoimprint-assisted fabrication of high haze metal mesh electrode for solar cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

High‐Performance Flexible Transparent Electrode with an Embedded Metal Mesh Fabricated by Cost‐Effective Solution Process

High‐Performance Flexible Transparent Electrode with an Embedded Metal Mesh Fabricated by Cost‐Effective Solution Process

Compact 3D Metal Collectors Enabled by Roll‐to‐Roll Nanoimprinting for Improving Capacitive Energy Storage

Two-Dimensional Nanograting Fabrication by Multistep Nanoimprint Lithography and Ion Beam Etching

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