Nanoencapsulation of hydroxytyrosol in chitosan crosslinked with sodium bisulfate tandem ultrasonication: Techno-characterization, release and antiproliferative properties

Abstract

Highlights Chtosan polymer produces nanocapsules through ionic gelation with sodium bisulfate. The nanocapsules were amorphous with spherical to irregular shape. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) was nanoencapsulated using ultrasonication in tandem. Nanoencapsulated HT was protected during the gastrointestinal simulations. Drug release was slow and took place mainly during the intestinal simulation.

Structuring functional mayonnaise incorporated with Himalayan walnut oil Pickering emulsions by ultrasound assisted emulsification

“…Ultrasonication (US) is the most important physical method involved in the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, oils etc in different plant-based biopolymers. In the industrial food applications, low frequency ultrasound in the range of 15–100 kHz is preferred because cavitation occurs within this range causing obliteration of the biopolymers accelerating its incorporation to the core [18] . The application of US in emulsification/ homogenisation promotes cost effective emulsion formation with minimal use of emulsifiers for maintenance of emulsion stability [19] .…”

Phenylboronic Acid-Grafted Chitosan Nanocapsules for Effective Delivery and Controllable Release of Natural Antioxidants: Olive Oil and Hydroxytyrosol

“…On the other hand, the estimated EE and LC of PBA-CSNPs nanocapsules encapsulating HT (PBA-CSNPs-HT, NF-3) were found to be 81.25% and 1.6%, respectively. The concentration of HT in NF-3 was significantly higher than in all previously reported HT-based nanocapsules [ 18 , 23 , 25 ], revealing the promising capabilities of PBA-CSNPs in superior packaging of HT and other natural antioxidant molecules.…”

“…Along the same lines, the positive values of ZP for VOO-loaded PBA-CSNPs (NF-2) (+16.21 mV) and HT-loaded PBA-CSNPs (NF-3) (+19.76 mV) were turned into negatives of −21.39 mV and −15.13 mV, respectively, by increasing the pH from 4.5 to 8.5. The nanocapsules (NF-2 and NF-3) formed exhibit high zeta potential values, indicating that they are more resistant to agglomerating into bulky particles owing to repulsive interactions [ 23 , 44 ].…”

“…The cumulative release of HT within 24 h was about 28%, suggesting that most of the drugs could be stably conjugated on the nanocapsules without ROS presence. The cyclic boronic ester that acts as a ROS-sensitive linker was formed between PBA and hydroxyl groups in HT, which has been widely applied in cancer therapy [ 18 , 23 ].…”

“…Among these approaches, nanoencapsulation could offer a promising tool to shield this valuable pharmacological agent from the harsh conditions of the stomach and the microbes in the intestines, resulting in greater bioavailability [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. It has been recently reported that emulsion systems [ 21 , 22 ], sodium bisulfate cross-linked chitosan [ 23 ], liposomes [ 24 ], nanogels [ 18 ], poly lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyacrylic acid nanoparticles [ 20 ], and ethyl cellulose microparticles [ 25 ] can effectively encapsulate and improve the bioavailability and biological potentials of HT.…”