Nanoemulsions in CNS drug delivery: recent developments, impacts and challenges

Karami, Zahra; Zanjani, Mohammad Reza Saghatchi; Hamidi, Mehrdad

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2019.03.021

Cited by 64 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…NEs show some excellent properties including good biocompatibility, kinetical stability, cell transport by paracellular and transcellular pathways, and prevention of hydrolysis and enzymatic degradation of residues ( Nirale et al, 2020 ). NEs can be administrated through nasal and ocular delivery in addition to the oral and intravenous administrations ( Karami et al, 2019a ; Karami et al, 2019b ; Nirale et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Organic Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles: A Hope for the Treatment of Inflammation in CNS

Zhu

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Neuroinflammation, an inflammatory response within the central nervous system (CNS), is a main hallmark of common neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among others. The over-activated microglia release pro-inflammatory cytokines, which induces neuronal death and accelerates neurodegeneration. Therefore, inhibition of microglia over-activation and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has been a promising strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Many drugs have shown promising therapeutic effects on microglia and inflammation. However, the blood–brain barrier (BBB)—a natural barrier preventing brain tissue from contact with harmful plasma components—seriously hinders drug delivery to the microglial cells in CNS. As an emerging useful therapeutic tool in CNS-related diseases, nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely applied in biomedical fields for use in diagnosis, biosensing and drug delivery. Recently, many NPs have been reported to be useful vehicles for anti-inflammatory drugs across the BBB to inhibit the over-activation of microglia and neuroinflammation. Therefore, NPs with good biodegradability and biocompatibility have the potential to be developed as an effective and minimally invasive carrier to help other drugs cross the BBB or as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarized various nanoparticles applied in CNS, and their mechanisms and effects in the modulation of inflammation responses in neurodegenerative diseases, providing insights and suggestions for the use of NPs in the treatment of neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Organic Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles: A Hope for the Treatment of Inflammation in CNS

Zhu

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Oil-in-water nano-emulsions are cloudy and surfactantstabilized heterogeneous drug delivery systems; they are composed of oil droplets (10-100 nm) dispersed in water or other aqueous solutions (Hort et al 2019;Karami et al 2019). On the other hand, nano-emulsions can be effectively used to encapsulate HupA with high protection against degradation and can be produced at the large scale (Jiang et al 2019).…”

Section: Nano-emulsion and Micro-emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s therapy: recent trends on extraction, detection, irradiation-assisted production improvement and nano-structured drug delivery

Zaki

El‐Sayed

Elkodous

et al. 2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Neurodegenerative disorders especially Alzheimer's disease (AD) are significantly threatening the public health. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are compounds of great interest which can be used as effective agents for the symptomatic treatment of AD. Although plants are considered the largest source for these types of inhibitors, the microbial production of AChE inhibitors represents an efficient, easily manipulated, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and alternative approach. This review highlights the recent advances on the microbial production of AChE inhibitors and summarizes all the previously reported successful studies on isolation, screening, extraction, and detecting methodologies of AChE inhibitors from the microbial fermentation, from the earliest trials to the most promising anti-AD drug, huperzine A (HupA). In addition, improvement strategies for maximizing the industrial production of AChE inhibitors by microbes will be discussed. Finally, the promising applications of nano-material-based drug delivery systems for natural AChE inhibitor (HupA) will also be summarized. Key Points • AChE inhibitors are potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease. • Microorganisms as alternate sources for prospective production of such inhibitors. • Research advances on extraction, detection, and strategies for production improvement. • Nanotechnology-based approaches for an effective drug delivery for Alzheimer's disease.

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“…This disadvantage is a common problem of nanoemulsions. 18,43,44 Second, the acute toxicity test of DMNs in mice shows no toxicity and the use of DMNs in EGE only happened once. Moreover, DM, PEG-400 and CRH-400 in the prescription used have been approved by the FDA.…”

Section: Utilizing Effects Of Egementioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Development and Characterization of A New Dimethicone Nanoemulsion and its Application for Electronic Gastroscopy Examination</p>

Feng

Zhao

et al. 2020

IJN

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Although the effective and safe medical defoamers, dimethicone (DM) and simethicone (SM) are widely used in electronic gastroscope examination (EGE), their preparations are presented in the form of suspensions or emulsions, these are untransparent or milk-like in appearance and can easily cause misdiagnosis as a result of an unclear field of vision if the doctor does not master the amount of defoamer or operates incorrectly. At the same time, it is also difficult to wash out the camera and pipeline, due to the large oil droplets of preparations. The purpose of this study was to develop a new clear and transparent oil in water (O/W) DM nanoemulsions (DMNs) and observe the effect of application in EGE. Methods: The oil phase was chosen for its antifoaming activity and viscosity. The emulsifier and co-emulsifier were selected according to the solubility of the oil phase in them. The water titration method was used to make the pseudoternary phase diagrams of nanoemulsions and optimize the prescription composition. DM-in-water nanoemulsion was prepared by the low energy method and evaluated for appearance, antifoaming ability, droplet size, and stability. The effect of DMNs utilized in EGEs was also observed. Results: The optimal formulation of DMNs contained CRH-40 as an emulsifier, PEG-400 as a co-emulsifier, DM as oil phase with the viscosity of 10 mPa.s, and their proportion was 4.5:4.5:1, respectively. DMNs obtained the average particle size of 67.98 nm with the polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.332, and 57.14% defoaming rate. The result of using an EGE showed that DMNs were superior in comparison to the emulsions with regard to the defoaming effect, visual clarity, and easy cleanup. Conclusion: DMNs were found to provide excellent visual clarity to its other preparations. The novel DMNs is a promising substitute for DM emulsions or suspensions in EGEs.

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Nanoemulsions in CNS drug delivery: recent developments, impacts and challenges

Cited by 64 publications

References 101 publications

Nanoparticles: A Hope for the Treatment of Inflammation in CNS

Nanoparticles: A Hope for the Treatment of Inflammation in CNS

Microbial acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s therapy: recent trends on extraction, detection, irradiation-assisted production improvement and nano-structured drug delivery

<p>Development and Characterization of A New Dimethicone Nanoemulsion and its Application for Electronic Gastroscopy Examination</p>

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