Nanodiamond-mediated impairment of nucleolar activity is accompanied by oxidative stress and DNMT2 upregulation in human cervical carcinoma cells

Nanoparticle-mediated decrease of lamin B1 pools promotes a TRF protein-based adaptive response in cultured cells

“…The nanodiamond-induced redox disequilibrium resulted in oxidative DNA damage, DNA breaks and micronuclei production [12]. The nanodiamonds promoted nucleolar stress in HeLa cells; the size and number of nucleoli were affected, and release of the nucleolar protein RRN3 occurred after nanodiamond treatment [16]. Nanodiamond powder was also found to be a DNA hypermethylating agent that affects a cancer cell's epigenome [16].…”

“…Nanodiamond powder was also found to be a DNA hypermethylating agent that affects a cancer cell's epigenome [16]. Nanodiamond-mediated DNA methyltransferase 2 (DNMT2) upregulation was suggested to be a part of the cellular stress response that promotes RNA stabilization [16]. Moreover, nanodiamonds induced senescence-associated b-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) activity [16].…”

“…The nanodiamonds promoted nucleolar stress in HeLa cells; the size and number of nucleoli were affected, and release of the nucleolar protein RRN3 occurred after nanodiamond treatment [16]. Nanodiamond powder was also found to be a DNA hypermethylating agent that affects a cancer cell's epigenome [16]. Nanodiamond-mediated DNA methyltransferase 2 (DNMT2) upregulation was suggested to be a part of the cellular stress response that promotes RNA stabilization [16].…”

“…Nanodiamond-mediated DNA methyltransferase 2 (DNMT2) upregulation was suggested to be a part of the cellular stress response that promotes RNA stabilization [16]. Moreover, nanodiamonds induced senescence-associated b-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) activity [16]. Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) may be stimulated by various chemical, physical or biological agents, such as oxidants, UV radiation and viruses [19].…”

“…To date, nanoparticle toxicity has primarily been studied in terms of nanoparticle-associated cytotoxicity, apoptosis and genotoxicity using both normal and cancer cells in vitro [3e16]. Moreover, it is widely accepted that the toxic effects of nanoparticles are mediated by oxidative stress, that is, increased production of reactive oxygen species and/or glutathione depletion [4e8,10e12, 14,16]. More recently, the genotoxic and mutagenic activity of nanodiamonds, which are considered to be highly biocompatible [17,18], in human peripheral lymphocytes has been revealed [12].…”