Nanocomposites of Polyaniline and a Layered Inorganic Acid Host: Polymerization of Aniline in the Layers, Conformation, and Electrochemical Studies

Yang, Gang; Hou, Wenhua; Feng, Xiang; Xu, Lin; Liu, Yuge; Wang, Guan; Ding, Weiping

doi:10.1002/adfm.200500941

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The redox pair (E/Eꞌ) is attributed to the interconversion between the leucoemeraldine and emeraldine states of PMAS, and another redox couple (P/Pꞌ) results from the interconversion of the emeraldine to the pernigraniline state of PMAS. 33,34 It clearly demonstrates that PMAS has been 55 successfully incorporated into the polymer matrix, further supporting the conclusion from UV-vis results. It is also noticed that the broad redox peaks from PPy was not distinguishable.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Polypyrrole doped with redox-active poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) for lithium secondary batteries

et al. 2013

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Polypyrrole is a promising electrode material for flexible/bendable energy storage devices due to its inherent fast redox switching, mechanical flexibility, easy processability and being environmentally benign. However, its low attainable capacity limits its practical applications. Here, we synthesise a polypyrrole/ poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) (PPy/PMAS) composite by incorporating redox-active PMAS into a PPy matrix via an electropolymerization method. For comparison, polypyrrole containing the electrochemically inert dopant p-toluenesulfonate (PPy-pTS) was prepared under the same conditions. The resultant PPy/PMAS film shows greatly improved electrochemical properties by harnessing the contribution from PMAS, i.e. higher specific capacity, better rate capability and improved cycling stability when used as a cathode material in a lithium secondary battery. It delivers a high specific capacity of 120.6 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g-1, and retains about 88.5% of the capacity (106.7 mAh g-1) over 800 consecutive cycles at a high current density of 1 A g-1. Polypyrrole is a promising electrode material in flexible/bendable energy storage devices due to its inherent fast redox switching, mechanical flexibility, easy processability and being environmentally benign. However, its low attainable capacity limits its practical applications. Here, we synthesise polypyrrole/poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) (PPy/PMAS) composite by incorporating redoxactive PMAS into a PPy matrix via an electropolymerization method. For comparison, polypyrrole 10 containing the electrochemically inert dopant p-toluenesulfonate anion (PPy-pTS) is prepared under the same conditions. The resultant PPy/PMAS film shows greatly improved electrochemical properties by harnessing the contribution from PMAS, i.e. higher specific capacity, better rate capability and cycling stability when used as a cathode material in a lithium secondary battery. It delivers a high specific capacity of 120.6 mAh g -1 at a current density of 0. ) over 800 consecutive cycles at a high current density of 1 A g -1.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Polypyrrole doped with redox-active poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) for lithium secondary batteries

et al. 2013

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“…Layered compounds have attracted much attention due to their wide variety of structural and electronic properties [17][18][19]. Layered HTiNbO 5 , in which H + ions are intercalated between 2D anionic sheets composed of TiO 6 and NbO 6 octahedra, has a large number of applications [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermostable nitrogen-doped HTiNbO5 nanosheets with a high visible-light photocatalytic activity

Zhai

Huang

et al. 2011

Nano Res.

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Nitrogen-doped HTiNbO 5 nanosheets have been successfully synthesized by first exfoliating layered HTiNbO 5 in tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) to obtain HTiNbO 5 nanosheets and then heating the nanosheets with urea. The resulting samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectroscopy and N 2 adsorption-desorption measurements. It was found that N-doping resulted in a much higher thermostability of the layered structure, intrinsic bandgap narrowing and a visible light response. The doped nitrogen atoms were mainly located in the interstitial sites of TiNbO 5 -lamellae and chemically bound to hydrogen ions. Compared with N-doped HTiNbO 5 , N-doped HTiNbO 5 nanosheets had a much larger specific surface area and richer mesoporosity due to the rather loose and irregular arrangement of titanoniobate nanosheets. Both N-doped layered HTiNbO 5 and HTiNbO 5 nanosheets showed a very high visible-light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution. Moreover, due to the considerably larger surface area, richer mesoporosity and stronger acidity, N-doped HTiNbO 5 nanosheets had an even higher activity than N-doped HTiNbO 5 , although the latter had a stronger absorption in the visible region. The dye molecules were mainly degraded to aliphatic organic compounds and partially mineralized to CO 2 and/or CO, rather than being simply decolorized. The effect of photosensitization was insignificant and RhB was degraded mainly via the typical photocatalytic reaction routes. Two different reaction routes for the photodegradation of RhB under visible light irradiation over N-doped HTiNbO 5 nanosheets have been proposed. The present method can be extended to a large number of layered metal oxides that have the characteristics of intercalation and exfoliation, thus providing new opportunities for the fabrication of highly effective and potentially practical visible-light photocatalysts.

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“…It is believed that the nanocomposite with molecular-level hybrid and a relatively ordered polymer chain structure should be useful in improving the properties of electrode materials. 19,20 Therefore, it is of great significance, but it is a challenge to prepare the nanocomposite of layered manganese oxide intercalated with conducting polymer.In this paper we report on a polypyrrole-intercalated layered manganese oxide nanocomposite ͑PPy-MnO 2 ͒ prepared by a delamination/reassembling process with polypyrrole and n-octadecyltrimethylammonium-intercalated layered manganese oxide ͑OCTA-MnO 2 ͒ in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone ͑NMP͒ solvent. We study the synthesis mechanism of conducting polymer-intercalated layered manganese oxide and the charge-storage properties of the resulting nanocomposite in aqueous KCl solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Polypyrrole-Intercalated Layered Manganese Oxide Nanocomposite by a Delamination∕Reassembling Method and Its Electrochemical Capacitance Performance

Zhang

Yang

2009

Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

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A polypyrrole-intercalated layered manganese oxide nanocomposite ͑PPy-MnO 2 ͒ has been synthesized by a delamination/ reassembling process. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the basal spacing of the PPy-MnO 2 nanocomposite is 1.38 nm. The room-temperature conductivity of the PPy-MnO 2 nanocomposite is found to be 1.3 ϫ 10 −1 S/cm, which is 4-5 orders of magnitude higher than that of the pristine manganese oxide ͑6.1 ϫ 10 −6 S/cm͒. The improved specific capacitance of the PPy-MnO 2 nanocomposite ͑290 F/g͒ compared with that of the pristine manganese oxide ͑221 F/g͒ is attributed to a combination of the conductivity effect and the high specific capacitance of PPy. © 2009 The Electrochemical Society. ͓DOI: 10.1149/1.3082015͔ All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted September 29, 2008; revised manuscript received January 15, 2009. Published February 17, 2009 Electrochemical capacitors ͑or supercapacitors͒ are chargestorage devices which possess high power density, excellent reversibility, and long cycle life compared with batteries.1-4 Depending on their charge-storage mechanism, electrochemical capacitors are divided into electric double-layer capacitors ͑EDLCs͒ and pseudocapacitors. The energy-storage mechanism of EDLCs relies on the separation of charges at the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte. Various carbonaceous materials ranging from amorphous carbons to carbon nanotubes have been used as electrode materials in EDLCs.2 In the case of pseudocapacitors, a faradaic process occurs in addition to a simple charge separation. Numerous metal oxides and conducting polymers have demonstrated qualifications as electrode materials for pseudocapacitors. Among these materials, hydrated ruthenium oxide exhibits remarkably high specific capacitance, as high as 1300 F/g, and excellent reversibility. 5,6 However, the high cost and the toxicity to the environment have limited its wide application. Therefore, much research interest has focused on other transition metal oxides. In this respect, manganese oxide is one of the most attractive candidates for electrochemical capacitor electrode materials because of its environmental friendliness and low cost.7-9 However, manganese oxide exhibits inferior specific capacitance and electrical conductivity to ruthenium oxide. Polypyrrole ͑PPy͒, as a kind of conducting polymer, has advantageous properties with respect to low cost, high conductivity, and high doping/ dedoping rate during charge/discharge. [10][11][12][13][14][15] However, it exhibits the disadvantage of a low cycle life because swelling and shrinkage may occur during doping/dedoping processes, thus leading to mechanical degradation of the electrodes and fading of electrochemical performance. 16,17 A combination of manganese oxide and conducting polymer appears interesting for supercapacitor electrodes. The resulting composite is expected to possess synergic properties from both components, such as enhancement in electrical conductivity or electrochemical cycling stability. Recently, Sivakkumar et al. pr...

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Nanocomposites of Polyaniline and a Layered Inorganic Acid Host: Polymerization of Aniline in the Layers, Conformation, and Electrochemical Studies

Cited by 67 publications

References 96 publications

Polypyrrole doped with redox-active poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) for lithium secondary batteries

Polypyrrole doped with redox-active poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) for lithium secondary batteries

Thermostable nitrogen-doped HTiNbO5 nanosheets with a high visible-light photocatalytic activity

Synthesis of Polypyrrole-Intercalated Layered Manganese Oxide Nanocomposite by a Delamination∕Reassembling Method and Its Electrochemical Capacitance Performance

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