Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl chloride) and nanometric calcium carbonate particles: Effects of chlorinated polyethylene on mechanical properties, morphology, and rheology

Abstract

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and nano-calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) particles were prepared via melt blending, and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) as an interfacial modifier was also introduced into the nanocomposites through preparing CPE/nano-CaCO 3 master batch. The mechanical properties, morphology, and rheology were studied. A moderate toughening effect was observed for PVC/nano-CaCO 3 binary nanocomposites. The elongation at break and Young's modulus also increased with increasing the nano-CaCO 3 concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study demonstrated that the nano-CaCO 3 particles were dispersed in a PVC matrix uniformly, and a few nanoparticles agglomeration was found. The toughening effect of the nano-CaCO 3 particles on PVC could be attributed to the cavitation of the matrix, which consumed tremendous fracture energy. The notched Izod impact strength achieved a significant improvement by incorporating CPE into the nanocomposites, and obtained the high value of 745 J/m. Morphology investigation indicated that the nano-CaCO 3 particles in the PVC matrix was encapsulated with a CPE layer through preparing the CPE/ nano-CaCO 3 master batch. The evaluation of rheological properties revealed that the introduction of nano-CaCO 3 particles into PVC resulted in a remarkable increase in the melt viscosity. However, the viscosity decreased with addition of CPE, especially at high shear rates; thus, the processability of the ternary nanocomposites was improved.

Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Nanocomposites Prepared in the Suspension Polymerization Process. Part II. PVC Filled with Silica Nanofiller

“…Majority of them concerns the nanofiller introduction in polymer processing step or via melt blending. Mainly the clays: montmorillonite (MMT) or bentonite [12,13] were used as nanofillers but also precipitated calcium carbonate [14,15], carbon nanotubes [16], aluminum oxide [17] or modified polyaniline titanium oxide [18,19] are described.…”

Characterization and Some Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride)/Sepiolite Nanocomposites

“…6 One of the most promising composite systems would be polymer-clay nanocomposites based on organic polymers and inorganic clay minerals consisting of silicate layers. 5 Clay minerals have been widely used and proved to be very effective due to their unique structure and properties. Such minerals include both natural clays (e.g., montmorillonite, hectorite, and saponite) and synthesized clays (e.g., fluorohectorite, laponite, and magadiite).…”

“…4 The incorporation of inorganic fillers into thermoplastics has been widely practiced in industry to extend them and to improve certain properties. 5 In recent years, organic-inorganic composites, especially nanocomposites, have received great attention because these materials often exhibit unexpected properties. 2 In general, polymer nanocomposites are made by the dispersion of inorganic or organic nanoparticles into either a thermoplastic or a thermoset polymer.…”

Toughening and reinforcement of rigid PVC with silicone rubber/nano‐CACO3 shell‐core structured fillers

“…[10][11][12][13] And nano-CaCO3 has been one of the most commonly used inorganic fillers for PVC. [14][15][16] Wu et al studied the mechanical properties, morphology, and rheology of the system chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)/nano-CaCO 3 master batch as reinforcement filler in PVC; CPE as an interfacial modifier were studied. 15 Although CPE/ nano-CaCO 3 master batch has a high toughening effect for PVC, using CPE increases the content of halogen in material and limits material's using area.…”