Nanobioengineered Electrospun Composite Nanofibers and Osteoblasts for Bone Regeneration

Venugopal, Jayarama Reddy; Low, Sharon; Choon, Aw Tar; Kumar, Anuj; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1594.2008.00557.x

Cited by 229 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The composite powder to acetic acid ratio (w/v) was fixed at 1:3. The salt with optimal pore size ranging from 200 to 500 µm was added in the fixed amount (70 wt% of composite powder) and the system was stirred constantly for about [10][11][12][13][14][15] …”

Section: Preparation Of N-ha/nylon 66 Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

HA/nylon 6,6 porous scaffolds fabricated by salt-leaching/solvent casting technique: effect of nano-sized filler content on scaffold properties

Mehrabanian¹,

Nasr‐Esfahani²

2011

IJN

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Nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA)/nylon 6,6 composite scaffolds were produced by means of the salt-leaching/solvent casting technique. NaCl with a distinct range size was used with the aim of optimizing the pore network. Composite powders with different n-HA contents (40%, 60%) for scaffold fabrication were synthesized and tested. The composite scaffolds thus obtained were characterized for their microstructure, mechanical stability and strength, and bioactivity. The microstructure of the composite scaffolds possessed a well-developed interconnected porosity with approximate optimal pore size ranging from 200 to 500 μm, ideal for bone regeneration and vascularization. The mechanical properties of the composite scaffolds were evaluated by compressive strength and modulus tests, and the results confirmed their similarity to cortical bone. To characterize bioactivity, the composite scaffolds were immersed in simulated body fluid for different lengths of time and results monitored by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis to determine formation of an apatite layer on the scaffold surface.

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Section: Preparation Of N-ha/nylon 66 Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

HA/nylon 6,6 porous scaffolds fabricated by salt-leaching/solvent casting technique: effect of nano-sized filler content on scaffold properties

Mehrabanian¹,

Nasr‐Esfahani²

2011

IJN

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“…Nanofibrous electrospun scaffolds consisting of biodegradable polycaprolactone, hydroxyapatite and natural polymer gelatine provided a large surface area for cell attachment, proliferation and mineralization [24]. Amorphous TCP has been shown to exhibit high in vitro bioactivity [25,26] and increased solubility and reactivity attributed to its high enthalpy of formation [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects

et al. 2009

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In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects AbstractThe easy clinical handling and applicability of biomaterials has become a focus of materials research due to rapidly increasing time and cost pressures in the public health sector. The present study assesses the in vitro and in vivo performance of a flexible, mouldable, cottonwool-like nanocomposite based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and amorphous tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/TCP 60:40). Immersion in simulated body fluid showed exceptional in vitro bioactivity for TCP-containing fibres (mass gain: 18%, 2 days, HAp deposition). Bone regeneration was quantitatively investigated by creating four circular non-critical-size calvarial defects in New Zealand White rabbits. The defects were filled with the easy applicable cottonwool-like PLGA/TCP fibres or PLGA alone. Porous bovine-derived mineral (Bio-Oss) was used as a positive control and cavities left empty served as a negative control. The area fraction of newly formed bone (4 weeks implantation) was significantly increased for TCP-containing fibres compared to pure PLGA (histological and micro-computed tomographic analysis). A spongiosa-like structure of the newly formed bone tissue was observed for PLGA/TCP nanocomposites, whereas Bio-Oss-treated defects afforded a solid cortical bone.-1-

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“…In order to reduce its surface energy, PCL is usually blended with hydrophilic polymers, thereby facilitating cell adhesion (5). On the other hand, improvement of the mechanical and thermal properties of PCL-based scaffolds can be accomplished by reinforcing them with suitable fillers (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcing Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanofibers with Cellulose Nanocrystals

Zoppe

Peresin

Habibi

et al. 2009

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

243

164

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We studied the use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNXs) obtained after acid hydrolysis of ramie cellulose fibers to reinforce poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers. Chemical grafting with low-molecular-weight PCL diol onto the CNXs was carried out in an attempt to improve the interfacial adhesion with the fiber matrix. Grafting was confirmed via infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. The polymer matrix consisted of electrospun nanofibers that were collected as nonwoven webs. The morphology as well as thermal and mechanical properties of filled and unfilled nanofibers were elucidated by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis, respectively. The addition of CNXs into PCL produced minimal changes in the thermal behavior of the electrospun fibers. However, a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the nanofibers after reinforcement with unmodified CNXs was confirmed. Fiber webs from PCL reinforced with 2.5% unmodified CNXs showed ca. 1.5-fold increase in Young's modulus and the ultimate strength compared to PCL webs. Compared to the case of grafted nanocrystals, the unmodified ones imparted better morphological homogeneity to the nanofibrillar structure. The grafted nanocrystals had a negative effect on the morphology of nonwoven webs in which individual nanofibers became annealed during the electrospinning process and, therefore, could not be compared to neat PCL nonwoven webs. A rationalization for the different effects of grafted and unmodified CNXs in reinforcing PCL nanofibers is provided.

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Nanobioengineered Electrospun Composite Nanofibers and Osteoblasts for Bone Regeneration

Cited by 229 publications

References 36 publications

HA/nylon 6,6 porous scaffolds fabricated by salt-leaching/solvent casting technique: effect of nano-sized filler content on scaffold properties

HA/nylon 6,6 porous scaffolds fabricated by salt-leaching/solvent casting technique: effect of nano-sized filler content on scaffold properties

In vivo and in vitro evaluation of flexible, cottonwool-like nanocomposites as bone substitute material for complex defects

Reinforcing Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanofibers with Cellulose Nanocrystals

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